李克強在第十屆東亞峰會上的發言（全文）
Full text: Remarks by Li Keqiang at the 10th East Asia Summit

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11月22日，國務院總理李克強在吉隆坡國際會議中心出席第十屆東亞峰會。[新華社]

11月22日，國務院總理李克強在吉隆坡國際會議中心出席第十屆東亞峰會。[新華社]
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang attends the 10th East Asia Summit in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Nov. 22, 2015. [Xinhua]

尊敬的納吉布總理，各位同事：	Prime Minister Najib, Dear Colleagues,
很高興在東亞峰會誕生地吉隆坡與諸位相聚。感謝納吉布總理和馬來西亞政府為本次會議所做的周到安排。今年是峰會成立十周年，“溫故而知新”，十年后我們重回出發地，但不是回到原點。區域合作達到新的水平，展現出光明的前景。	It gives me great pleasure to join you in Kuala Lumpur, the birthplace of the East Asia Summit. I would like to thank Prime Minister Najib and the Malaysian government for making thoughtful arrangements for this meeting. This year marks the tenth anniversary of the EAS. As an old Chinese saying goes, "One reviews the old to know the new". We have come back to where we started, and progress has already been made. As we speak, cooperation in our region has reached a new level and is embracing a brighter prospect.
東亞國家地緣相近，人文相通，自古以來就保持著友好交往。600多年前，中國著名航海家、外交家鄭和七下西洋，五過馬六甲，足跡遍布東南亞大多數國家，不僅帶去了絲綢、瓷器、茶葉和農耕技術，還傳播了文化和藝術，很多佳話廣為傳頌。東南亞人民為紀念他，修建了許多寺廟，至今香火興旺。正如鄭和攜帶的國書所寫：“天之所覆，地之所載，一視同仁，不能眾欺寡、強凌弱?！彼暑I著當時世界上最強大的船隊，在28年間到過30多個國家，最遠到達非洲東海岸。所到之處充分尊重當地的宗教信仰和文化習俗，沒有占領一寸土地，而是和當地人民進行友好的貿易、文化和技術交流，成為人們敬仰的“和平使者”?？梢哉f，鄭和下西洋開創了亞洲地區國家間以德睦鄰、和平共處的友好傳統。	Thanks to our geographical affinity and cultural bond, East Asian countries have all along enjoyed friendly exchanges. More than 600 years ago, Zheng He, a famous Chinese navigator and diplomat, made seven voyages to the western seas. He passed Malacca five times and went to most countries in Southeast Asia. He brought to the local people silk, porcelain, tea, and agricultural know-how and spread culture and art, leaving touching stories behind. Temples have been built by people of East Asian countries to remember him and they are still visited by many till this day. It was stated in Zheng He's credentials that "all under heaven are equal. The strong must not bully the weak." In 28 years, Zheng He's fleet, the strongest in the world back then, visited more than 30 countries and went as far as to the east coast of Africa. Everywhere he went, he showed full respect for local religion and culture without taking a single inch of land. He conducted trade and friendly cultural and technological exchanges with the local people, thus becoming a celebrated "envoy of peace". It is fair to say that Zheng He, with his voyages to the western seas, was among the first to practice the proud tradition of good-neighborliness through good virtue and peaceful co-existence among countries in Asia.
歷史長河奔流向前，東亞各國人民歷經風雨，艱辛探索，逐步走上了和平、發展、合作之路。新世紀以來，東亞發展翻開了新的一頁，各層次合作機制不斷豐富和完善。特別是東亞峰會成立十年來，各成員國秉持開放包容、合作共贏的精神，在貿易、投資、金融、人文、安全等領域開展了富有成效的合作，有力促進了地區和平穩定和經濟繁榮。這十年，是東亞合作蓬勃發展的十年，是各國共享繁榮成果的十年，也是東亞峰會影響力不斷擴大的十年。	Time goes on. East Asian countries have now embarked on a path of peace, development and cooperation after hard struggle. In the 21st century, a new page has been turned in the development of East Asia and there have been more and better cooperation mechanisms at various levels. In the past decade since the inception of the EAS, its member states, working in the spirit of openness, inclusiveness, cooperation and mutual benefit, have engaged each other in effective cooperation in trade, investment, finance, culture and regarding security matters, giving strong boost to peace, stability and economic prosperity of the region. The past decade witnessed booming development of East Asia cooperation, shared prosperity among East Asian countries and rising influence of the EAS.
今天，我們站在新的起點上，各方都很關心峰會未來發展的方向。中方支持發表《紀念東亞峰會十周年吉隆坡宣言》。過去十年大家共同取得了許多彌足珍貴的經驗，值得很好傳承。我們應繼續堅持“領導人引領的戰略論壇”定位，集中精力議大事、謀大勢、增共識、控分歧；繼續堅持東盟主導地位，照顧各方舒適度，保障大小國家平等參與地區事務；繼續堅持發展和安全“雙輪驅動”，認真落實《金邊發展宣言》及其行動計劃，聚焦經濟社會發展，同時加強安全對話合作；繼續堅持各機制協調發展，完善多層次區域合作架構。這“四個堅持”是各方都接受的最大公約數，是峰會十年發展取得的主要經驗，也是峰會今后行穩致遠的重要基礎。	Today, as we stand at a new starting point, we are all thinking of where we should go next. China supports the issuance of the Kuala Lumpur Declaration on the Tenth Anniversary of the East Asia Summit. The most valuable experience we gained in the past decade should be inherited and carried forward. We should continue to keep the EAS as a leaders-led strategic forum, focus on major issues of overarching importance and find ways to increase consensus and properly manage differences. We should continue to adhere to ASEAN centrality, be sensitive to the comfort level of all parties and ensure equal participation by all countries, big or small, in regional affairs. We should continue to give importance to both development and security, earnestly implement the Phnom Penh Declaration on the East Asia Summit Development Initiatives and its action plan, focus on economic and social development and at the same time, strengthen security dialogue and cooperation. We should continue to facilitate coordinated development of all the mechanisms and improve the multi-tiered regional cooperation architecture. These four points, acceptable to all parties, constitute the main experience of the growth of the EAS over the past decade, and the important basis for EAS to go far in the future.
各位同事！	Dear Colleagues,
當前，全球經濟復蘇進程依然充滿波折，局部沖突和地區熱點此起彼伏。東亞要繼續成為世界和平穩定之錨、發展活力之源，必須倍加珍惜來之不易的好局面，筑牢經濟、安全、人文三大支柱，為區域合作注入新動力。我贊賞主席國為本次會議設置的可持續增長和金融穩定、地區安全政策和倡議等提示性議題，愿就今后峰會合作談幾點看法：	Currently, global economic recovery remains difficult. Regional conflicts and hotspots keep flaring up. If East Asia is to remain an anchor for peace and stability and a source of growth for the world, we must doubly cherish the hard-won situation, and cement its three pillars of economy, security and culture to inject new impetus to regional cooperation. I appreciate the Chair's choice of sustainable growth, financial stability and regional security policies and initiatives as the indicative topics for this meeting and would like to make the following observations on EAS cooperation going forward:
第一，加快推進地區經濟一體化，把東亞打造成世界經濟的穩定增長極。全球化是不可阻擋的潮流。面對嚴峻復雜的世界經濟金融形勢，各國應加強協調，同舟共濟。10+1是促進東亞合作的基礎，中方愿同東盟加強發展戰略對接，共同建設更加緊密的中國－東盟命運共同體。10+3是東亞合作的主渠道，中方建議共同規劃未來藍圖，推動實現2020年建成東亞經濟共同體的目標。自貿區建設是東亞經濟一體化的重要抓手。中國和東盟即將簽署自貿區升級談判成果文件，應盡快履行必要程序予以落實。各方還應繼續推進中日韓自貿區、區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定（RCEP）等談判，共同促進亞太自貿區的建設。本次會議將通過中方與印尼共同提議的《海洋合作聲明》，這將進一步促進跨太平洋和印度洋更大范圍的海洋合作。	First, we need to accelerate regional economic integration and make East Asia a pole of steady growth for the world economy. Globalization represents an irresistible trend. Facing grave and complex global economic and financial situation, countries need to strengthen coordination and jointly overcome difficulties. The ASEAN Plus One is the basis for East Asia cooperation and China is ready to better align development strategies with ASEAN to build a closer China-ASEAN community of shared future. The ASEAN Plus Three is the main vehicle of East Asia cooperation, and China suggests that a blueprint be drawn up for achieving the goal of an East Asia Economic Community by 2020. The development of FTA is an important step for East Asia economic integration. China and ASEAN are about to sign the outcome document for the negotiations on an upgraded FTA, and need to finish necessary procedures so that it could be implemented. Parties need to advance negotiations on the China-Japan-ROK FTA and the RCEP to jointly promote the development of the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific. Under the initiative of China and Indonesia, this meeting will adopt a statement on maritime cooperation, which, I believe, will boost maritime cooperation in wider areas of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
中國始終是地區和平的堅定維護者和地區合作的堅定推動者。我們正在同東亞國家推進“一帶一路”建設和國際產能合作，亞洲基礎設施投資銀行和絲路基金等將為此提供融資支持。中方倡議區域國家金融機構聯合發起成立“亞洲金融合作協會”，將為本地區實體經濟發展提供更有力的支撐。中國仍是世界經濟增長的重要引擎，即將實施經濟社會發展“十三五”規劃，明確了到2020年全面建成小康社會的發展目標，這將為包括東亞國家在內的世界各國帶來更多合作機遇。	China is firm in upholding peace and promoting cooperation in the region. China is working with East Asian countries to advance the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road as well as international cooperation on production capacity. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund will provide financing support to these initiatives. China proposes that an Asia Financial Cooperation Association be jointly established by financial institutions of countries in this region to support the growth of the real economy. China remains an important engine driving world economic growth. The implementation of its 13th Five-Year Plan and the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020 will bring more cooperation opportunities to countries in East Asia and beyond.
第二，積極開展政治安全對話，探討建立適合本地區的安全架構。中方主張各方就各自的發展戰略和政策加強溝通交流，增進政治互信，消除猜忌疑慮，避免誤讀誤判。中方倡導共同、綜合、合作、可持續的亞洲安全觀，支持在東亞峰會框架下就安全理念和架構進行交流，并將于明年承辦第五屆安全架構研討會。	Second, we need to carry out political and security dialogue to explore a security architecture that fits the region. China maintains that all parties need to increase exchanges and communication on their respective development strategies and policies, increase political mutual trust, dispel suspicion and misgivings, and avoid misinterpretation and miscalculation. China advocates a new security vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and supports discussions on security concept and architecture within the EAS framework. China will host the fifth Workshop on Regional Security Architecture next year.
恐怖主義不是宗教和民族問題，而是反人類的問題，是人類面臨的共同挑戰。當前，全球反恐形勢正經歷復雜深刻變化，恐怖活動的廣度和烈度都達到新峰值，嚴重威脅國際和地區安全穩定，沒有哪個國家可以獨善其身。最近法國巴黎發生嚴重恐怖襲擊事件，兩天前馬里首都也發生了慘無人道的人質劫持事件，包括3名中國公民在內的多國公民不幸遇害。國際社會合作應對非傳統安全威脅尤為緊迫。中方堅決反對一切形式、在任何地方發生的恐怖主義，支持會議就全球溫和運動、應對暴力極端主義發表聲明，愿繼續本著相互尊重、平等合作的原則同各國加強交流合作，堅決打擊任何挑戰人類文明底線的暴恐犯罪活動，共同維護世界和平與安寧。	Terrorism is not an issue about religion or ethnicity. It is against human nature and represents a common challenge facing mankind. Global counter-terrorism situation is now undergoing profound and complex changes. Terrorist activities, which are more extensive and intensive than ever before, pose serious threats to regional and international security and stability. No country could stay immune from the scourge. Not long ago, the serious terrorist attacks happened in Paris, and the heinous hostage incident happened in the capital of Mali two days ago took the lives of citizens from several countries, including three from China. This has made it a more pressing task to carry out international cooperation to tackle non-traditional security threats. China is against terrorism of all forms anywhere in the world, and China supports the EAS in issuing statements on Global Movement of Moderates and combating violent extremism. China will continue to increase exchanges and cooperation with other countries under the principle of mutual respect and equality to resolutely combat all criminal acts of violence and terror that challenge the bottom line of humanity to jointly maintain peace and tranquility of the world.
中方支持會議發表衛生安全、網絡事務等成果文件，致力于為本地區提供更多公共安全產品。中方愿于明年舉辦印太海洋安全合作二軌研討會，與峰會成員國聯合舉辦地震搜救演練，探討舉辦海上搜救演練。中方將積極與東亞國家特別是本地區發展中國家共同應對氣候變化，繼續舉辦清潔能源論壇。中方支持亞太地區2030年消滅瘧疾的目標，愿繼續支持湄公河流域國家開展相關項目。	China also supports the EAS in issuing outcome documents on health security and cyber affairs, and is committed to providing more public security goods to the region. China is ready to host a Workshop on Maritime Cooperation for Security in the Indo-Pacific Ocean next year. China will co-sponsor the EAS Earthquake Response and Relief Joint Exercise with relevant EAS countries and explore the possibility of maritime search and rescue exercises. China will work with East Asian countries, especially developing countries, to tackle climate change and continue to hold the clean energy forum. China supports the goal of eliminating malaria by 2030 in the Asia Pacific region and will continue to support Mekong River countries in carrying out relevant programs.
第三，加強亞洲文明對話交流，促進不同文明和諧共生。文明只有內容形式之別，沒有高低貴賤之分。東亞文明多樣性獨具特色，不同文明交流互鑒、兼收并蓄，成為地區發展進步的不竭源泉，也有助于促進各國理解互信。中方支持開展亞洲文明對話，明年將舉辦亞洲文明對話大會，歡迎各國踴躍參加。	Third, we need to strengthen dialogue and exchanges among Asian civilizations to promote harmonious co-existence of civilizations. Civilizations are only different, not superior or inferior. Diverse and unique East Asian civilizations, by learning from one another, provide inexhaustible impetus for regional development and progress and for better understanding and trust among countries. China supports dialogue among Asian civilizations. China will host a conference for dialogue among Asian civilizations next year and welcomes active participation of all countries in the conference.
同時，地區各國還要深化教育、科技、文化、媒體、智庫、青年等各領域交流合作。中方將繼續支持那爛陀大學重建，為東亞文化交流搭建新平臺；倡議建立東亞峰會二軌機構網絡，鼓勵博鰲亞洲論壇與東亞峰會加強聯系。	At the same time, countries in this region also need to deepen exchanges and cooperation in areas such as education, science and technology, culture, media, and among think-tanks and the youth. China will continue to support the revival of Nalanda University to give a new platform for East Asia cultural exchanges. China proposes establishment of a Track II Network among EAS countries and encourages close contacts between the Boao Forum for Asia and the EAS.
各位同事！	Dear Colleagues,
剛才有的同事談到了南海問題。這里，我有必要講一講目前的真實情況和中方有關立場。	Some leaders mentioned the South China Sea question. Let me say something about the truth and about China's position on this question.
千百年來，南海沿岸各族人民環海而居、和睦相處，友好交往、守望相助。近幾十年來，南海雖然出現了一些問題，但中國和東盟國家始終保持對話溝通，在沒有外部勢力干預和介入的情況下，很好地維護了南海的總體和平穩定。中國與東盟國家經過協商，于2002年簽署了《南海各方行為宣言》，中國認真履行了《宣言》中的各項義務，包括按照第四條的規定，努力與直接當事方通過對話協商和平解決爭議。過去兩年來，中方又明確提出了處理南海問題的“雙軌”思路，即有關爭議由直接有關的主權國家談判協商解決，南海的和平穩定由中國和東盟國家共同維護。這一思路得到了多數東盟國家的支持，也完全符合國際法和國際實踐鼓勵的方向。	For centuries, people in the area of the South China Sea have lived in peace and harmony, and forged friendly ties of mutual assistance. Indeed, in the past several decades, problems have come along. Yet, through dialogue and communication between China and ASEAN countries, overall peace and stability in the South China Sea have been maintained without the intervention or involvement of external forces. Through consultations, China and ASEAN countries signed the DOC in 2002. China has earnestly fulfilled obligations under the DOC, including working under Article 4 to seek peaceful settlement to disputes with parties directly concerned through negotiation and consultation. In the past two years, China has identified a dual-track approach for resolving the South China Sea question, i.e., relevant disputes should be resolved by sovereign states directly concerned through negotiation and consultation, and peace and stability in the South China Sea should be jointly upheld by China and ASEAN countries working together. This approach is supported by most ASEAN countries and is consistent with international law and international practices.
當前，中國和東盟國家正在全面有效落實《宣言》框架下的務實合作，本著極大的誠意積極推進“南海行為準則”磋商，已經取得早期收獲。同時，各方還同意中方提議的探討制訂“海上風險管控預防性措施”，以便在“準則”最終達成前有效管控海上局勢，防止不測事件的發生。這些成果來之不易，值得共同珍惜。	At present, China and ASEAN countries are working to ensure full and effective implementation of practical cooperation within the framework of the DOC, and are actively advancing COC consultations with utmost sincerity. We have already had some early harvest. At the same time, all sides have agreed to China's proposal to explore and formulate the Preventive Measures on Managing Risks at Sea so that we could, pending final conclusion of a COC, effectively manage maritime situation and avoid unexpected incidents. These achievements are hard-won and should be doubly cherished.
中國一直是南海航行和飛越自由的堅定維護者，因為這首先事關中國的切身利益。中國是世界主要貿易國，南海是重要國際航道，如果南海局勢不穩，受損的首先是包括中國在內的地區國家，對其他國家也無益處。目前每年有十幾萬艘商船順利安全地在南海通行。事實上，南海的航行和飛越自由從來就沒有發生過問題。中國和本地區國家完全有能力繼續維護好南海的航行和飛越自由。需要強調的是，各國在行使航行和飛越權利時，有必要充分尊重沿岸國的主權和安全。	China stands firm for the freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea, as it, above all, concerns China's own interests. China is the main trading nation in the world, and the South China Sea constitutes a major international shipping route. Should there be instability in the South China Sea, it will hurt, first and foremost, the interest of countries in the region, including China, and will do no good to other countries either. Each year, hundreds of thousands of commercial ships pass through the South China Sea, safe and sound. The fact is, there has never been any problem regarding the freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea. China and countries in the region have the capability to maintain the freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea. It needs to be pointed out that countries concerned, when exercising the freedom of navigation and overflight, need to fully respect the sovereignty and security of countries along the coast.
中國在南沙群島的有關設施建設，主要是民事功能，有助于中國更好地履行國際責任和義務，有助于為各國船只提供更多的公共服務，包括應對海上災難。有關建設活動不針對、不影響任何國家，也無意搞軍事化。	The relevant constructions carried out by China in the Nansha Islands are primarily for civilian purposes. They are constructed to help China better fulfill its international responsibilities and obligations, and provide more public services to vessels from other countries, including in times of maritime disasters. Such constructions are not targeted at any other country, nor does it affect any other country. We have no intention for militarization.
在此，中方愿提出五點倡議：	China hereby makes the following five proposals:
一是各國承諾遵守《聯合國憲章》的宗旨和原則，捍衛二戰成果和戰后秩序，珍惜得來不易的和平，共同維護國際和地區包括南海地區的和平與穩定。	First, all countries make the commitment to observing the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, defend the outcome of WWII and post-war order, cherish hard-won peace and jointly safeguard peace and stability in the world and the region, including in the South China Sea.
二是直接有關的主權國家承諾根據公認的國際法原則，包括1982年《聯合國海洋法公約》，通過友好磋商和談判，以和平方式解決領土和管轄權爭議。	Second, sovereign countries directly concerned undertake, in accordance with universally recognized principles of international law, including UNCLOS of 1982, to peacefully settle sovereign and jurisdictional disputes through friendly consultation and negotiation.
三是中國和東盟國家承諾全面有效完整落實《南海各方行為宣言》，加快“南海行為準則”磋商，在協商一致的基礎上盡早達成“準則”，并采取措施不斷完善地區互信合作機制建設。	Third, China and ASEAN countries commit themselves to full and effective implementation of the DOC in its entirety, accelerate consultations to strive for early conclusion of a COC on the basis of consensus, and take steps to improve regional mechanisms for mutual trust and cooperation.
四是域外國家承諾尊重和支持地區國家維護南海和平穩定的努力，發揮積極和建設性的作用，不采取導致地區局勢緊張的行動。	Fourth, countries from outside the region undertake to respect and support efforts by countries in the region to uphold peace and stability in the South China Sea, play a positive and constructive role and refrain from taking actions that may cause tension in the region.
五是各國承諾依據國際法行使和維護在南海享有的航行和飛越自由。	Fifth, all countries undertake to exercise and uphold the freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea in accordance with international law.
各位同事！	Dear Colleagues,
“磚連磚成墻，瓦連瓦成房”。東亞各國相互依存，日益結成利益共同體和責任共同體。只要我們秉持團結合作、開放包容的精神，積極擴大利益匯合點，有效管控分歧，就能使東亞合作保持在健康發展的軌道上，就能把南海建設成和平與合作之海，更好地造福地區各國人民。	As the saying goes, brick after brick make a wall, and tile after tile make a roof. East Asian countries are so interdependent that we have become a community of shared interests and responsibilities. As long as we uphold the spirit of solidarity, cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, expand our converging interests and effectively manage our differences, we will keep East Asia cooperation on the right track, make the South China Sea a sea of peace and friendship, and bring more benefits to people of our region.
謝謝大家！	Thank you!