現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告過去五年政府工作，對今年工作提出建議，請予審議，并請全國政協委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the government's work of the past five years and lay out what we propose for this year's work for your deliberation and approval. I also invite comments from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、過去五年工作回顧

I will begin with a review of our work over the past five years.

第十二屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議以來的五年，是我國發展進程中極不平凡的五年。面對極其錯綜復雜的國內外形勢，以習近平同志為核心的黨中央團結帶領全國各族人民砥礪前行，統籌推進“五位一體”總體布局，協調推進“四個全面”戰略布局，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設全面開創新局面。黨的十九大確立了習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的歷史地位，制定了決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利的宏偉藍圖和行動綱領，具有重大現實意義和深遠歷史意義。各地區各部門不斷增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，深入貫徹落實新發展理念，“十二五”規劃勝利完成，“十三五”規劃順利實施，經濟社會發展取得歷史性成就、發生歷史性變革。

The five years since the first session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC) have been a truly remarkable five years in the course of our country's development. Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has rallied and led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead. We have moved forward in a coordinated manner with the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy, and made new advances on all fronts of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

At its 19th National Congress, the Party established the position in history of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and mapped out an inspiring blueprint and a program of action for securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for striving for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. This is of great immediate significance and far-reaching historical significance.

All regions and all government departments have strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. The new development philosophy has been thoroughly acted upon, the 12th Five-Year Plan has been successfully completed, and implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan has seen smooth progress. In economic and social development we have made historic achievements and seen historic change.

五年來，經濟實力躍上新臺階。國內生產總值從54萬億元增加到82.7萬億元，年均增長7.1%，占世界經濟比重從11.4%提高到15%左右，對世界經濟增長貢獻率超過30%。財政收入從11.7萬億元增加到17.3萬億元。居民消費價格年均上漲1.9%，保持較低水平。城鎮新增就業6600萬人以上，13億多人口的大國實現了比較充分就業。

Over the past five years, economic strength has reached a new high.

China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering average annual growth of 7.1 percent; and its share in the global economy has grown to roughly 15 percent, up from 11.4 percent. China's contribution to global growth has exceeded 30 percent. Government revenue has increased from 11.7 trillion to 17.3 trillion yuan. Consumer prices have risen at an average annual rate of 1.9 percent, maintaining a relatively low level of growth. More than 66 million new urban jobs have been added, and our country, with its population of over 1.3 billion, has achieved relatively full employment.

五年來，經濟結構出現重大變革。消費貢獻率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服務業比重從45.3%上升到51.6%，成為經濟增長主動力。高技術制造業年均增長11.7%。糧食生產能力達到1.2萬億斤。城鎮化率從52.6%提高到58.5%，8000多萬農業轉移人口成為城鎮居民。

Over the past five years, the structure of the Chinese economy has seen a major transformation.

With the share of the service sector rising from 45.3 to 51.6 percent of the economy, consumption's contribution to growth has increased from 54.9 to 58.8 percent, becoming the main driver of growth. High-tech manufacturing has achieved an average annual increase of 11.7 percent, and the annual grain yield has reached 600 million metric tons. China's urbanization rate has risen from 52.6 to 58.5 percent, and more than 80 million people who have relocated from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency.

五年來，創新驅動發展成果豐碩。全社會研發投入年均增長11%，規模躍居世界第二位。科技進步貢獻率由52.2%提高到57.5%。載人航天、深海探測、量子通信、大飛機等重大創新成果不斷涌現。高鐵網絡、電子商務、移動支付、共享經濟等引領世界潮流。“互聯網+”廣泛融入各行各業。大眾創業、萬眾創新蓬勃發展，日均新設企業由5千多戶增加到1萬6千多戶。快速崛起的新動能，正在重塑經濟增長格局、深刻改變生產生活方式，成為中國創新發展的新標志。

Over the past five years, innovation-driven development has yielded fruitful outcomes.

China's investment in research and development (R&D) has grown at an average annual rate of 11 percent, ranking second in the world in scale. The contribution of technological advances to economic growth has risen from 52.2 to 57.5 percent. In manned spaceflight, deep-water exploration, quantum communications, large aircraft development, and more, China has seen a stream of major outcomes of innovation. In high-speed rail, e-commerce, mobile payments, and the sharing economy, China is leading the world.

The Internet Plus model has permeated many different fields and industries. Business startups and innovation are thriving all over the country, and the average number of new businesses opened daily has risen from over 5,000 to more than 16,000. Rapidly emerging new growth drivers are reshaping China's growth model, are profoundly changing the way we live and work, and have become a new hallmark of China's innovation-driven development.

五年來，改革開放邁出重大步伐。改革全面發力、多點突破、縱深推進，重要領域和關鍵環節改革取得突破性進展，主要領域改革主體框架基本確立。簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務等改革推動政府職能發生深刻轉變，市場活力和社會創造力明顯增強。“一帶一路”建設成效顯著，對外貿易和利用外資結構優化、規模穩居世界前列。

Over the past five years, significant headway has been made in reform and opening up.

In reform, we have made strong moves across the board, secured major advances in many areas, and driven deeper in pursuing progress, making breakthroughs in reforms in important fields and at key links and seeing that in the main areas the general frameworks for reform are basically established. Reforms to streamline administration and delegate powers, improve regulation, and optimize services, have driven profound shifts in the functions of government, and significantly strengthened market dynamism and public creativity. Notable achievements have been made in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The composition of both Chinese foreign trade and foreign investment in China has been improved, with volumes ranking among the largest in the world.

五年來，人民生活持續改善。脫貧攻堅取得決定性進展，貧困人口減少6800多萬，易地扶貧搬遷830萬人，貧困發生率由10.2%下降到3.1%。居民收入年均增長7.4%、超過經濟增速，形成世界上人口最多的中等收入群體。出境旅游人次由8300萬增加到1億3千多萬。教育事業全面發展。社會養老保險覆蓋9億多人，基本醫療保險覆蓋13.5億人，織就了世界上最大的社會保障網。人均預期壽命達到76.7歲。棚戶區住房改造2600多萬套，農村危房改造1700多萬戶，上億人喜遷新居。

Over the past five years, living standards have been constantly improving.

We have made decisive progress in the fight against poverty: More than 68 million people have been lifted out of poverty, including a total of 8.3 million relocated from inhospitable areas, and the poverty headcount ratio has dropped from 10.2 to 3.1 percent. Personal income has increased by an annual average of 7.4 percent, outpacing economic growth and creating the world's largest middle-income group. Tourist departures have grown from 83 million to over 130 million. Education has seen all-around development. Social old-age pension schemes now cover more than 900 million people, and basic health insurance plans cover 1.35 billion people, forming the largest social safety net in the world. On average, life expectancy has reached 76.7 years. Over 26 million housing units have been rebuilt in rundown urban areas and more than 17 million dilapidated houses have been renovated in rural areas, with the result that more than one hundred million Chinese have moved into new homes.

五年來，生態環境狀況逐步好轉。制定實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治三個“十條”并取得扎實成效。單位國內生產總值能耗、水耗均下降20%以上，主要污染物排放量持續下降，重點城市重污染天數減少一半，森林面積增加1.63億畝，沙化土地面積年均縮減近2000平方公里，綠色發展呈現可喜局面。

Over the past five years, the environment has seen gradual improvement.

To address air, water, and soil pollution, we have designed and enforced a ten-point list of measures for each and achieved solid progress. Both energy and water consumption per unit of GDP have fallen more than 20 percent, the release of major pollutants has been consistently declining, and the number of days of heavy air pollution in key cities has fallen 50 percent. Forest coverage has increased by 10.87 million hectares, and the area of desertified land has been reduced by close to 2,000 square kilometers on average each year. Encouraging progress has been made in green development.

剛剛過去的2017年，經濟社會發展主要目標任務全面完成并好于預期。國內生產總值增長6.9%，居民收入增長7.3%，增速均比上年有所加快；城鎮新增就業1351萬人，失業率為多年來最低；工業增速回升，企業利潤增長21%；財政收入增長7.4%，扭轉了增速放緩態勢；進出口增長14.2%，實際使用外資1363億美元、創歷史新高。經濟發展呈現出增長與質量、結構、效益相得益彰的良好局面。這是五年來一系列重大政策效應累積，各方面不懈努力、久久為功的結果。

In the year just passed, all main targets and tasks for economic and social development were accomplished and performance exceeded expectations. GDP grew 6.9 percent and personal income rose 7.3 percent, both beating the previous year's growth rates. Around 13.51 million new urban jobs were created, and the jobless rate was at its lowest level in years. Industrial growth began to rebound, and corporate profits increased 21 percent. Government revenue grew 7.4 percent, reversing the slowdown in growth. The total import and export value rose 14.2 percent. Inward foreign investment reached 136.3 billion U.S. dollars, hitting a new all-time high.

The state of play in the economy was good, with growth and quality, structural improvement, and performance each reinforcing the other. This is the result of the cumulative effect of a raft of major policies over the past five years and of consistent efforts in all areas of endeavor.

過去五年取得的全方位、開創性成就，發生的深層次、根本性變革，再次令世界矚目，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪。

The past five years have seen groundbreaking achievements on every front and profound and fundamental changes, attracting global attention and bringing all of us in China pride and inspiration.

五年來，我們認真貫徹以習近平同志為核心的黨中央決策部署，主要做了以下工作。

Over the past five years, we have worked with dedication to implement the decisions and plans made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. The following are the highlights of that work:

（一）堅持穩中求進工作總基調，著力創新和完善宏觀調控，經濟運行保持在合理區間、實現穩中向好。這些年，世界經濟復蘇乏力，國際金融市場跌宕起伏，保護主義明顯抬頭。我國經濟發展中結構性問題和深層次矛盾凸顯，經濟下行壓力持續加大，遇到不少兩難多難抉擇。面對這種局面，我們保持戰略定力，堅持不搞“大水漫灌”式強刺激，而是適應把握引領經濟發展新常態，統籌穩增長、促改革、調結構、惠民生、防風險，不斷創新和完善宏觀調控，確立區間調控的思路和方式，加強定向調控、相機調控、精準調控。明確強調只要經濟運行在合理區間，就業增加、收入增長、環境改善，就集中精力促改革、調結構、添動力。采取既利當前更惠長遠的舉措，著力推進供給側結構性改革，適度擴大總需求，推動實現更高層次的供需動態平衡。經過艱辛努力，我們頂住了經濟下行壓力、避免了“硬著陸”，保持了經濟中高速增長，促進了結構優化，經濟長期向好的基本面不斷鞏固和發展。

First, with a commitment to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, we have focused on developing new and better approaches to macro regulation, kept major indicators within an appropriate range, and achieved stable, positive economic performance.

The past few years have witnessed anemic world economic recovery, volatility in global financial markets, and a sharp rise in protectionism. In China, structural issues and underlying problems have become more acute, downward pressure on the economy has continued to mount, and we have met with no small number of dilemmas.

In facing this new environment, we have maintained strategic focus and refrained from resorting to a deluge of strong stimulus policies. Instead, we have adapted to, addressed, and steered the new normal in economic development, and taken coordinated steps to ensure steady growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risk. We have made fresh innovations in and refined macro regulation, developed the idea of and ways to achieve range-based regulation, and enhanced targeted, well-timed, and precision regulation.

We have been clear that as long as the major economic indicators are within an acceptable range, with employment growing, incomes increasing, and the environment improving, then our energies should be focused on advancing reform, making structural adjustments, and adding growth drivers.

We have adopted measures that are good for the near term and even better for the long term, made strong moves to advance supply-side structural reform, appropriately expanded aggregate demand, and worked for a dynamic equilibrium of supply and demand at a higher level.

With grit and determination, we have overcome downward pressure on the economy, avoided a "hard landing," maintained a medium-high growth rate, and promoted structural upgrading. The economic fundamentals that will sustain long-term growth have been cemented and enhanced.

堅持實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策。在財政收支矛盾較大情況下，著眼“放水養魚”、增強后勁，我國率先大幅減稅降費。分步驟全面推開營改增，結束了66年的營業稅征收歷史，累計減稅超過2萬億元，加上采取小微企業稅收優惠、清理各種收費等措施，共減輕市場主體負擔3萬多億元。加強地方政府債務管理，實施地方政府存量債務置換，降低利息負擔1.2萬億元。調整財政支出結構，盤活沉淀資金，保障基本民生和重點項目。財政赤字率一直控制在3%以內。貨幣政策保持穩健中性，廣義貨幣M2增速呈下降趨勢，信貸和社會融資規模適度增長。采取定向降準、專項再貸款等差別化政策，加強對重點領域和薄弱環節支持，小微企業貸款增速高于各項貸款平均增速。改革完善匯率市場化形成機制，保持人民幣匯率基本穩定，外匯儲備轉降為升。妥善應對“錢荒”等金融市場異常波動，規范金融市場秩序，防范化解重點領域風險，守住了不發生系統性風險的底線，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

We have continued to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. Despite a fairly big imbalance between government revenue and expenditure, China has led the way in slashing taxes and fees with the aim of using accommodative measures to strengthen the basis for sustained growth. Step by step, we have extended the replacement of business tax with value added tax (VAT) to all sectors across the country, calling time on the 66-year history of business tax. The result so far has been a tax cut of more than 2 trillion yuan. We have also adopted measures like preferential tax policies for small low-profit businesses and an overhaul of different types of fees. All in all, our market entities have seen savings of more than 3 trillion yuan. We have strengthened management over local government debt, and issued local government bonds to replace outstanding debt, cutting interest liability by 1.2 trillion yuan. We have adjusted the structure of government expenditure, put idle funds to work, and ensured the spending for undertaking major projects and meeting basic public needs. The deficit-to-GDP ratio has been kept within 3 percent.

Monetary policy has remained prudent and neutral. The M2 money supply growth rate has been trending downward, while credit and aggregate financing have seen moderate growth. Differentiated policies, such as targeted reserve requirement ratio cuts and targeted re-lending, have been adopted to strengthen support for key fields and weak links. The growth of loans to small and micro businesses has outstripped the average growth in lending. We have reformed and improved the market-based exchange rate mechanism and kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable; and foreign exchange reserves are now rising not falling. We have responded appropriately to abnormal market fluctuations such as the cash crunch, brought better order to the financial markets, prevented and defused risks in key sectors, forestalled systemic risk, and thus safeguarded China's economic and financial security.

（二）堅持以供給側結構性改革為主線，著力培育壯大新動能，經濟結構加快優化升級。緊緊依靠改革破解經濟發展和結構失衡難題，大力發展新興產業，改造提升傳統產業，提高供給體系質量和效率。

Second, with a commitment to treating supply-side structural reform as our main task, we have focused on fostering new growth drivers and sped up economic structural upgrading.

We have persevered in relying on reform to overcome economic difficulties and address structural imbalances, made a big push to foster emerging industries, overhauled and strengthened traditional industries, and improved the quality and performance of the supply system.

扎實推進“三去一降一補”。五年來，在淘汰水泥、平板玻璃等落后產能基礎上，以鋼鐵、煤炭等行業為重點加大去產能力度，中央財政安排1000億元專項獎補資金予以支持，用于分流職工安置。退出鋼鐵產能1.7億噸以上、煤炭產能8億噸，安置分流職工110多萬人。因城施策分類指導，三四線城市商品住宅去庫存取得明顯成效，熱點城市房價漲勢得到控制。積極穩妥去杠桿，控制債務規模，增加股權融資，工業企業資產負債率連續下降，宏觀杠桿率漲幅明顯收窄、總體趨于穩定。多措并舉降成本，壓減政府性基金項目30%，削減中央政府層面設立的涉企收費項目60%以上，階段性降低“五險一金”繳費比例，推動降低用能、物流、電信等成本。突出重點加大補短板力度。

Solid work has moved us forward in the five priority tasks of cutting overcapacity, reducing excess inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs, and strengthening areas of weakness.

Over the past five years, building on work to cut backward production capacity in the cement, plate glass, and other industries, we have intensified efforts to cut overcapacity, prioritizing industries such as steel and coal; and a 100-billion-yuan fund for rewards and subsidies has been put in place by the central government to support efforts to assist affected employees. We have cut steel production capacity by more than 170 million metric tons and coal production capacity by 800 million metric tons, and over 1.1 million affected employees have been assisted.

Thanks to city-specific policies and category-specific guidance, clear progress has been made in reducing commercial residential housing inventory in third- and fourth-tier cities, and the growth of housing prices in the most popular cities has been brought under control.

We have taken active and prudent steps to deleverage, control the scale of debts, and expand equity finance. The debt-to-asset ratio of industrial enterprises has been consistently declining. Macro leverage ratio is increasing by much smaller margins and is generally stable.

We have used a combination of measures to bring down costs: 30 percent of government-managed funds and fees have been cut; over 60 percent of the fees and charges levied on businesses by the central government have been abolished; the ratio of enterprise contributions to old-age pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, and maternity insurance, workers' compensation, and housing provident fund schemes has been reduced for the time being, and work has been done to lower energy, logistics, and telecommunications costs.

And, with a focus on key issues, we have stepped up efforts to strengthen areas of weakness.

加快新舊發展動能接續轉換。深入開展“互聯網+”行動，實行包容審慎監管，推動大數據、云計算、物聯網廣泛應用，新興產業蓬勃發展，傳統產業深刻重塑。實施“中國制造2025”，推進工業強基、智能制造、綠色制造等重大工程，先進制造業加快發展。出臺現代服務業改革發展舉措，服務新業態新模式異軍突起，促進了各行業融合升級。深化農業供給側結構性改革，新型經營主體大批涌現，種植業適度規模經營比重從30%提升到40%以上。采取措施增加中低收入者收入，推動傳統消費提檔升級、新興消費快速興起，網上零售額年均增長30%以上，社會消費品零售總額年均增長11.3%。優化投資結構，鼓勵民間投資，發揮政府投資撬動作用，引導更多資金投向強基礎、增后勁、惠民生領域。高速鐵路運營里程從9000多公里增加到2萬5千公里、占世界三分之二，高速公路里程從9.6萬公里增加到13.6萬公里，新建改建農村公路127萬公里，新建民航機場46個，開工重大水利工程122項，完成新一輪農村電網改造，建成全球最大的移動寬帶網。五年來，發展新動能迅速壯大，經濟增長實現由主要依靠投資、出口拉動轉向依靠消費、投資、出口協同拉動，由主要依靠第二產業帶動轉向依靠三次產業共同帶動。這是我們多年想實現而沒有實現的重大結構性變革。

We have sped up the replacement of old growth drivers.

We have taken extensive action under the Internet Plus Initiative, exercised accommodative and prudential regulation, and promoted the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things; emerging industries have achieved vigorous growth, and traditional industries have undergone a thorough remodeling.

Implementation of the Made in China 2025 initiative has brought progress in major projects like the building of robust industrial foundations, smart manufacturing, and green manufacturing, and has accelerated the development of advanced manufacturing.

We unveiled reform and development measures to foster modern services; and this has led to a marked rise in new forms of business in the service sector and new service models as well as the integration and upgrading of multiple sectors.

Deepened supply-side structural reform in agriculture has brought the emergence of a large number of new types of agribusiness. The share of appropriately scaled-up farming has increased from 30 to over 40 percent.

We have taken measures to increase the incomes of those in low- and middle-income brackets, and helped to see an upgrading of traditional forms of consumption, and a boom in new forms of consumption. Online retail sales have been growing at an average annual rate of over 30 percent, and total retail sales of consumer goods have enjoyed an average annual increase of 11.3 percent.

We have improved the composition of investment, encouraged private investment, used government investment to play a catalytic role, and guided more funding toward areas that strengthen the economic foundation, enhance sustainability, and improve people's lives.

China's in-operation high-speed railways have grown from over 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers, accounting for two thirds of the world's total. Our expressways have grown from 96,000 to 136,000 kilometers. We have built or upgraded 1.27 million kilometers of rural roads, built 46 new civilian airports, and begun work on 122 major water conservancy projects. We have completed the latest round of rural power grid upgrading, and put in place the largest mobile broadband network in the world.

Over the past five years, new growth drivers have rapidly grown in strength. Economic growth, in the past mainly driven by investment and exports, is now being fueled by consumption, investment, and exports. In the past dependent mainly on secondary industry, growth is now powered by a combination of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. This is a major structural transformation that for years our sights had been set on but we were never able to achieve.

推進供給側結構性改革，必須破除要素市場化配置障礙，降低制度性交易成本。針對長期存在的重審批、輕監管、弱服務問題，我們持續深化“放管服”改革，加快轉變政府職能，減少微觀管理、直接干預，注重加強宏觀調控、市場監管和公共服務。五年來，國務院部門行政審批事項削減44%，非行政許可審批徹底終結，中央政府層面核準的企業投資項目減少90%，行政審批中介服務事項壓減74%，職業資格許可和認定大幅減少。中央政府定價項目縮減80%，地方政府定價項目縮減50%以上。全面改革工商登記、注冊資本等商事制度，企業開辦時間縮短三分之一以上。創新和加強事中事后監管，實行“雙隨機、一公開”，隨機抽取檢查人員和檢查對象、及時公開查處結果，提高了監管效能和公正性。推行“互聯網+政務服務”，實施一站式服務等舉措。營商環境持續改善，市場活力明顯增強，群眾辦事更加便利。

Advancing supply-side structural reform demands removing barriers to the market-based allocation of the factors of production and reducing government-imposed transaction costs.

To address the longstanding issues of excessive emphasis on approval procedures, insufficient attention to regulatory processes, and a failure to provide strong services, we have been consistently deepening reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, improve regulation, and strengthen services. We have sped up efforts to transform government functions, reduced micromanagement and direct intervention, and done more to improve macro regulation, market regulation, and public services.

Over the past five years, the number of items subject to approval by State Council offices and departments has been slashed by 44 percent, the practice of non-administrative approval has been completely put to a stop, the number of business investment items subject to central government approval has been cut by 90 percent, intermediary services needed for obtaining government approval have been cut by 74 percent, and the requirements for professional qualification approval and accreditation have been significantly reduced. The number of items for which central government sets the prices has been cut back by 80 percent, and local government-priced items have been cut down by over 50 percent. Comprehensive reforms have swept the business system, including business registration and registered capital, reducing the time it takes to start a business by over a third.

We have developed new and better ways of conducting compliance oversight, and introduced a new model of oversight combining randomly selected inspectors who inspect randomly selected entities and the prompt release of results. These efforts have made regulation more effective and impartial.

We have rolled out the Internet Plus Government Services model and adopted measures such as the one-stop service model.

Thanks to the above reforms, the business environment has consistently improved, the market is more energized, and people can access government services more easily.

（三）堅持創新引領發展，著力激發社會創造力，整體創新能力和效率顯著提高。實施創新驅動發展戰略，優化創新生態，形成多主體協同、全方位推進的創新局面。擴大科研機構和高校科研自主權，改進科研項目和經費管理，深化科技成果權益管理改革。推進全面創新改革試驗，支持北京、上海建設科技創新中心，新設14個國家自主創新示范區，帶動形成一批區域創新高地。以企業為主體加強技術創新體系建設，涌現一批具有國際競爭力的創新型企業和新型研發機構。深入開展大眾創業、萬眾創新，實施普惠性支持政策，完善孵化體系。各類市場主體達到9800多萬戶，五年增加70%以上。國內有效發明專利擁有量增加兩倍，技術交易額翻了一番。我國科技創新由跟跑為主轉向更多領域并跑、領跑，成為全球矚目的創新創業熱土。

Third, with a commitment to innovation-driven development, and a focus on unlocking public creativity, we have achieved a remarkable overall improvement in innovation capacity and efficiency.

We have put into action the innovation-driven development strategy and worked to build a better ecosystem for innovation, giving shape to innovation involving multiple actors making across-the-board advances.

Research institutes and universities now have greater say over their research; research projects and funding are better managed, and the way that rights and interests relating to scientific and technological advances are managed has undergone reform.

We have moved forward with piloting comprehensive innovation reform, supported Beijing and Shanghai in building themselves into centers for scientific and technological innovation, and set up 14 new national innovation demonstration zones, thus creating a number of regional innovation hubs.

We have boosted the development of a system for technological innovation in which enterprises are the main actors. China has seen the emergence of a number of world-class innovative enterprises and new kinds of R&D institutions.

We have launched and taken bold moves in the nationwide business startup and innovation initiative, adopted supportive policies designed to benefit all entrepreneurs and innovators, and improved incubation systems.

China's market entities, all types included, now total over 98 million, an increase of more than 70 percent over the past five years. The number of in-force Chinese invention patents issued in China has tripled, and the volume of technology transactions has doubled. In the global race of scientific and technological innovation, China has shifted place, from following others to keeping pace and even leading the pack in more and more areas. Our country has become a globally recognized fertile ground for innovation and business ventures.

（四）堅持全面深化改革，著力破除體制機制弊端，發展動力不斷增強。國資國企改革扎實推進，公司制改革基本完成，兼并重組、壓減層級、提質增效取得積極進展。國有企業效益明顯好轉，去年利潤增長23.5%。深化能源、鐵路、鹽業等領域改革。放寬非公有制經濟市場準入。建立不動產統一登記制度。完善產權保護制度。財稅改革取得重大進展，全面推行財政預決算公開，構建以共享稅為主的中央和地方收入分配格局，啟動中央與地方財政事權和支出責任劃分改革，中央對地方一般性轉移支付規模大幅增加、專項轉移支付項目減少三分之二。基本放開利率管制，建立存款保險制度，推動大中型商業銀行設立普惠金融事業部，深化政策性、開發性金融機構改革，強化金融監管協調機制。穩步推進教育綜合改革，完善城鄉義務教育均衡發展促進機制，改革考試招生制度。建立統一的城鄉居民基本養老、醫療保險制度，實現機關事業單位和企業養老保險制度并軌。出臺劃轉部分國有資本充實社保基金方案。實施醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革，全面推開公立醫院綜合改革，取消長期實行的藥品加成政策，藥品醫療器械審批制度改革取得突破。推進農村承包地“三權”分置改革、確權面積超過80%，改革重要農產品收儲制度。完善主體功能區制度，建立生態文明績效考評和責任追究制度，推行河長制、湖長制，開展省級以下環保機構垂直管理制度改革試點。各領域改革的深化，推動了經濟社會持續健康發展。

Fourth, with a commitment to deepening reform across the board, we have taken major steps to remove institutional barriers, thus steadily boosting the driving forces powering development.

Solid progress has been made in state capital and state-owned enterprise (SOE) reform; the reform to convert SOEs into standard companies has now basically been completed; and efforts to merge and restructure, reduce the organizational levels in, and improve the quality and efficiency of, SOEs have made good progress. The performance of SOEs has been much improved, with profits last year growing by 23.5 percent. We have deepened reform in sectors like energy, rail, and the salt industry.

Market access to the non-public sector has been expanded. An integrated registration system for immovable property has been put in place, and the property rights protection system has been improved.

Fiscal and tax reforms have made major progress. We have introduced the requirement nationwide for government budgets and final accounts to be released to the public, developed a system based mainly on tax sharing for dividing revenue between central and local government, launched the reform to define the respective financial powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local government, and significantly scaled up general transfer payments from central to local government, while also cutting by two thirds the number of items for which special purpose transfer payments are made.

We have largely lifted controls on interest rates, established a deposit insurance system, encouraged large and medium commercial banks to set up inclusive finance divisions, deepened the reform of policy-backed and development financial institutions, and strengthened the mechanisms for coordinating financial regulation.

We have made steady progress in the comprehensive reform of education, improved the mechanisms for promoting more balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education, and reformed the examination and enrollment systems.

We have established unified basic pension and health insurance schemes for rural and non-working urban residents, and brought government office and public institution pension schemes into line with enterprise schemes. We have unveiled a plan for the appropriation of a portion of state capital to replenish social security funds.

We have carried out coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms. We have introduced comprehensive reform in all public hospitals, rescinded the longstanding policy of allowing hospitals to profit from higher priced medicine, and made breakthroughs in the reform of approval systems for medicine and medical devices.

We have pursued reform to separate rural land ownership rights, contract rights, and use rights, and already seen over 80 percent of contracted rural land covered by this reform. We have reformed the system for purchasing and stockpiling important agricultural products.

We have improved the functional zoning system, established performance evaluation and accountability systems for ecological conservation, and instituted the river chief and lake chief systems. We have piloted a system placing government environmental offices below the provincial level directly under the supervision of provincial-level environmental offices.

The deepening of reform in each and every field has given a boost to sustained, healthy economic and social development.

（五）堅持對外開放的基本國策，著力實現合作共贏，開放型經濟水平顯著提升。倡導和推動共建“一帶一路”，發起創辦亞投行，設立絲路基金，一批重大互聯互通、經貿合作項目落地。在上海等省市設立11個自貿試驗區，一批改革試點成果向全國推廣。改革出口退稅負擔機制、退稅增量全部由中央財政負擔，設立13個跨境電商綜合試驗區，國際貿易“單一窗口”覆蓋全國，貨物通關時間平均縮短一半以上，進出口實現回穩向好。外商投資由審批制轉向負面清單管理，限制性措施削減三分之二。外商投資結構優化，高技術產業占比提高一倍。加大引智力度，來華工作的外國專家增加40%。引導對外投資健康發展。推進國際產能合作，高鐵、核電等裝備走向世界。新簽和升級8個自由貿易協定。滬港通、深港通、債券通相繼啟動，人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子，人民幣國際化邁出重要步伐。中國開放的擴大，有力促進了自身發展，給世界帶來重大機遇。

Fifth, with a commitment to China's fundamental policy of opening up, we have focused on promoting win-win cooperation, and significantly improved the performance of our country's open economy.

We have launched and worked with other countries in the Belt and Road Initiative. We initiated the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, set up the Silk Road Fund, and launched a number of major connectivity and economic and trade cooperation initiatives.

Pilot free trade zones have been established in Shanghai and 10 other provinces and cities. A number of successful outcomes from pilot reforms are now being applied nationwide.

We have reformed the cost-sharing mechanism for export tax rebates, and the central government now pays the full sum of increases in export tax rebates. We have set up 13 comprehensive experimental zones for cross-border e-commerce. Single-window document processing for international trade has been applied nationwide, cutting the average time for customs clearance by over half. Imports and exports have rebounded and steadily grown.

For foreign investment, we have replaced the approval system with a negative list model, and have cut restrictions by two thirds. The composition of foreign investment has improved, with investment in high-tech industries doubling. We have intensified efforts to attract talent, and the number of foreign experts working in China has grown by 40 percent.

We have guided the healthy development of outbound investment. We have moved forward with international cooperation on production capacity; high-speed rail, nuclear power, and other types of Chinese equipment have entered international markets. We have signed or upgraded eight free trade agreements. We have launched the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect, the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect, and the Bond Connect. The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket, representing a major step forward in its internationalization.

China has opened its doors wider to the world. This opening has played a powerful role in our own development, and it presents important opportunities for the rest of the world.

（六）堅持實施區域協調發展和新型城鎮化戰略，著力推動平衡發展，新的增長極增長帶加快成長。積極推進京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展，編制實施相關規劃，建設一批重點項目。出臺一系列促進西部開發、東北振興、中部崛起、東部率先發展的改革創新舉措。加大對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區扶持力度，加強援藏援疆援青工作。海洋保護和開發有序推進。實施重點城市群規劃，促進大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展。絕大多數城市放寬落戶限制，居住證制度全面實施，城鎮基本公共服務向常住人口覆蓋。城鄉區域發展協調性顯著增強。

Sixth, with a commitment to implementing the coordinated regional development and new urbanization strategies, we have promoted more balanced development, and seen new growth poles and belts developing faster.

We have actively pursued the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, and the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, drawn up and implemented related plans, and undertaken a number of key projects. We have unveiled a whole series of reforms and innovative measures to see the western region develop, northeast China revitalized, the central region rise, and the eastern region spearhead development. We have stepped up support for old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas, and strengthened work to support Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. We have steadily moved forward with protecting and developing maritime resources.

We have implemented plans for developing major city clusters, and pursued more balanced development of small, medium, and large cities, and small towns. The vast majority of cities in China have eased restrictions on permanent residency. A residence card system has been put into effect nationwide, and basic urban public services now cover all permanent residents. Development between urban and rural areas and between regions has become better coordinated.

（七）堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，著力保障和改善民生，人民群眾獲得感不斷增強。在財力緊張情況下，持續加大民生投入。全面推進精準扶貧、精準脫貧，健全中央統籌、省負總責、市縣抓落實的工作機制，中央財政五年投入專項扶貧資金2800多億元。實施積極的就業政策，重點群體就業得到較好保障。堅持教育優先發展，財政性教育經費占國內生產總值比例持續超過4%。改善農村義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，提高鄉村教師待遇，營養改善計劃惠及3600多萬農村學生。啟動世界一流大學和一流學科建設。重點高校專項招收農村和貧困地區學生人數由1萬人增加到10萬人。加大對各類學校家庭困難學生資助力度，4.3億人次受益。勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限提高到10.5年。居民基本醫保人均財政補助標準由240元提高到450元，大病保險制度基本建立、已有1700多萬人次受益，異地就醫住院費用實現直接結算，分級診療和醫聯體建設加快推進。持續合理提高退休人員基本養老金。提高低保、優撫等標準，完善社會救助制度，近6000萬低保人員和特困群眾基本生活得到保障。建立困難和重度殘疾人“兩項補貼”制度，惠及2100多萬人。實施全面兩孩政策。強化基層公共文化服務，加快發展文化事業，文化產業年均增長13%以上。全民健身廣泛開展，體育健兒勇創佳績。

Seventh, with a commitment to a people-centered development philosophy, we have endeavored to ensure and improve living standards, and the people are increasingly feeling the benefit.

Despite fiscal constraints, we have consistently increased spending on improving people's living standards. We have made comprehensive moves in targeted poverty reduction and alleviation, and built a robust working mechanism with central government responsible for overall planning, provincial-level governments assuming overall responsibility, and city and county governments responsible for program implementation. Over the past five years, the central government has appropriated over 280 billion yuan to fund poverty reduction.

We have implemented a proactive employment policy and ensured that key target groups have better access to employment.

We have been committed to prioritizing the development of education; and government spending on education has remained above four percent of GDP. In rural areas, we have improved conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education, and increased the pay packages of teachers, and our Better Nutrition Plan has benefited more than 36 million students. We have launched an initiative to build world-class universities and world-class disciplines. The number of students from rural and poor areas enrolled in key universities through special programs has grown from 10,000 to 100,000. We have increased financial aid to students from families in financial difficulty studying in all types of schools, giving out 430 million grants in total. The average length of schooling of the working-age population has been raised to 10.5 years.

Government subsidies for basic medical insurance schemes have been increased from 240 to 450 yuan per person; the serious disease insurance system is basically in place, and has already benefited more than 17 million people; the costs of hospitalization can now be settled where incurred; and the development of tiered medical diagnosis and treatment and healthcare consortiums has picked up pace.

We have consistently made appropriate increases to basic old-age pensions for retirees. We have raised subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and other allowances, and improved the social assistance system, ensuring the livelihoods of close to 60 million people on subsistence allowances or living in extreme poverty. We have put in place a system to provide living allowances for people with disabilities in financial difficulty and nursing care subsidies for people with serious disabilities, a system that has benefited over 21 million people. All couples can now have two children.

We have strengthened public cultural services at the community level, moved faster to develop cultural programs, and seen the cultural industry grow at an average annual rate of over 13 percent. We have carried out Fitness-for-All programs, which are now in full swing; and Chinese athletes have excelled in competition.

（八）堅持人與自然和諧發展，著力治理環境污染，生態文明建設取得明顯成效。樹立綠水青山就是金山銀山理念，以前所未有的決心和力度加強生態環境保護。重拳整治大氣污染，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）平均濃度下降30%以上。加強散煤治理，推進重點行業節能減排，71%的煤電機組實現超低排放。優化能源結構，煤炭消費比重下降8.1個百分點，清潔能源消費比重提高6.3個百分點。提高燃油品質，淘汰黃標車和老舊車2000多萬輛。加強重點流域海域水污染防治，化肥農藥使用量實現零增長。推進重大生態保護和修復工程，擴大退耕還林還草還濕，加強荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜合治理。開展中央環保督察，嚴肅查處違法案件，強化追責問責。積極推動《巴黎協定》簽署生效，我國在應對全球氣候變化中發揮了重要作用。

Eighth, with a commitment to achieving harmony between human and nature, we have taken major steps to address pollution, and achieved notable progress in ecological conservation.

We have established the notion that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and acted with resolve and intensity as never before to strengthen environmental protection.

We have struck out hard against air pollution, thus achieving a drop of over 30 percent in the average density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in key areas. We have done more to reduce the use of low quality coal, pushed for progress in energy conservation and emission reductions in key industries, and seen 71 percent of coal-fired power plants achieving ultra-low emissions. We have improved the energy mix, cutting the share of coal consumption by 8.1 percentage points and increasing the share of clean energy consumption by 6.3 percentage points. We have improved fuel quality, and taken over 20 million high-emission and old vehicles off the roads.

We have strengthened prevention and control measures against water pollution in key drainage basins and sea areas, and achieved zero growth in chemical fertilizer and pesticide use. We have pursued major ecological conservation and restoration projects, expanded the coverage of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands, and intensified comprehensive efforts to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.

We have launched central government inspections on environmental protection, investigated and prosecuted cases involving legal violations, and strengthened accountability. We worked toward and saw that the Paris Agreement was put into force; China has played an important role in responding to global climate change.

（九）堅持依法全面履行政府職能，著力加強和創新社會治理，社會保持和諧穩定。提請全國人大常委會制定修訂法律95部，制定修訂行政法規195部，修改廢止一大批部門規章。省、市、縣政府部門制定公布權責清單。開展國務院大督查和專項督查，對積極作為、成效突出的給予表彰和政策激勵，對不作為的嚴肅問責。創新城鄉基層治理。完善信訪工作制度。擴大法律援助范圍。促進安全生產領域改革發展，事故總量和重特大事故數量持續下降。改革完善食品藥品監管，強化風險全程管控。加強地震、特大洪災等防災減災救災工作，健全分級負責、相互協同的應急機制，最大程度降低了災害損失。加強國家安全。健全社會治安防控體系，依法打擊各類違法犯罪，有力維護了公共安全。

Ninth, with a commitment to fully performing government functions in accordance with law, we have focused on enhancing and making innovations in social governance, and ensured social harmony and stability.

We have submitted proposals to the NPC Standing Committee on formulating or revising 95 laws, formulated or revised 195 sets of administrative regulations, and revised or rescinded a large number of government department regulations. Lists of powers and obligations have been formulated and released by provincial, city, and county government departments. We have introduced State Council accountability inspections and special inspections, and commended and created policy incentives for those working proactively and doing an outstanding job, while holding strictly to account those failing to fulfill their duties.

We have been making innovations in urban and rural primary level governance. The system for handling public complaints has been improved. The coverage of legal aid has been expanded. We have promoted reform and improvements in workplace safety, and seen a continued drop in both the total number of accidents and the number of serious and major accidents. We have reformed and improved food and drug regulation and strengthened risk control over all related processes.

We have strengthened work on preventing, reducing, and providing relief for disasters, including earthquakes and serious flooding, and built stronger emergency response mechanisms employing a division of responsibilities between levels and close coordination. With this we have minimized the damage and loss inflicted by disasters to the greatest possible extent.

China's national security is better safeguarded. We have improved the crime prevention and control system, worked in accordance with law to hit back against all types of crime and illegal behavior, and effectively safeguarded public security.

貫徹落實黨中央全面從嚴治黨部署，加強黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。深入開展黨的群眾路線教育實踐活動、“三嚴三實”專題教育、“兩學一做”學習教育，認真落實黨中央八項規定精神，持之以恒糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。嚴控新建政府性樓堂館所和財政供養人員總量，“三公”經費大幅壓減。加強行政監察和審計監督。堅決查處和糾正違法違規行為，嚴厲懲處腐敗分子，反腐敗斗爭壓倒性態勢已經形成并鞏固發展。

We have implemented the Party Central Committee's decisions on exercising full and strict Party self-governance and done more to improve Party conduct, build a clean government, and fight corruption. We have taken extensive action in raising awareness of and putting into practice the Party's mass line, in the Three Stricts and Three Earnests campaign, and in the drive to see that Party members develop a good understanding of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses and live up to Party standards. We have worked hard to ensure compliance with the Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving conduct and staying engaged with the people and worked nonstop to address the practice of formalities for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. We have strictly enforced the three-point State Council decision on curbing government spending.

We have enforced strict controls over the construction of new government buildings and over the total number of people on the government payroll; and spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality has been significantly reduced.

We have strengthened government supervision and auditing-based oversight. We have taken strong steps to investigate, prosecute, and address violations of laws and regulations and severely punished those who have committed corruption. This anti-corruption campaign has built into a crushing tide, and is being consolidated and developed.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

過去五年，民族、宗教、僑務等工作創新推進。支持民族地區加快發展，民族團結進步事業取得長足進展。積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷在國家現代化建設中作出了獨特貢獻。

Over the past five years, we have made new improvements in work related to ethnic groups, religion, and overseas Chinese nationals. We have supported faster development in areas with large ethnic minority populations, and have seen efforts to promote ethnic unity and progress truly paying off. We have actively guided religions in adapting to socialist society. Overseas Chinese nationals, Chinese nationals who have returned from overseas, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who reside in China have made their own unique contributions to the country's modernization.

過去五年，在黨中央、中央軍委領導下，強軍興軍開創新局面。制定新形勢下軍事戰略方針，召開古田全軍政治工作會議，深入推進政治建軍、改革強軍、科技興軍、依法治軍，人民軍隊實現政治生態重塑、組織形態重塑、力量體系重塑、作風形象重塑。有效遂行海上維權、反恐維穩、搶險救災、國際維和、亞丁灣護航、人道主義救援等重大任務。各方配合基本完成裁減軍隊員額30萬任務。軍事裝備現代化水平顯著提升，軍民融合深度發展。軍政軍民緊密團結。人民軍隊面貌煥然一新，在中國特色強軍之路上邁出堅實步伐。

Over the past five years, under the leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, we have embarked on a new stage in strengthening and energizing the armed forces. We have developed a military strategy for new conditions; convened the Gutian military political work meeting; and taken extensive steps to see that the armed forces are built on political loyalty, strengthened through reform and technology, and run in accordance with law. As a result, our people's armed forces have achieved a remodeling of their political ecosystem, of the way they are organized, of the structure of their forces, and of their conduct and image.

We have undertaken major missions involving the protection of maritime rights, countering terrorism and maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, international peacekeeping, escort services in the Gulf of Aden, and humanitarian rescue. With the cooperation of all involved, we have basically completed the task of reducing military personnel by 300,000. Military equipment has been significantly modernized and military-civilian integration has been deepened. We have seen closer unity between the military and government and between the military and the people. The people's armed forces, full of new drive, have taken solid strides toward building themselves into a powerful military with Chinese characteristics.

過去五年，港澳臺工作取得新進展。“一國兩制”實踐不斷豐富和發展，憲法和基本法權威在港澳進一步彰顯，內地與港澳交流合作深入推進，港珠澳大橋全線貫通，香港、澳門保持繁榮穩定。堅持一個中國原則和“九二共識”，加強兩岸經濟文化交流合作，實現兩岸領導人歷史性會晤。堅決反對和遏制“臺獨”分裂勢力，有力維護了臺海和平穩定。

Over the past five years, fresh progress has been made in work related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. The practice of "one country, two systems" has been consistently enriched and developed; the authority of China's Constitution and the basic laws has become more evident in Hong Kong and Macao. Exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao have been steadily enhanced; the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has been completed, and Hong Kong and Macao have thrived and remained stable.

We have upheld the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, strengthened cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and held a historic meeting between the leaders of the two sides. We have resolutely opposed and deterred separatist forces advocating Taiwan independence, firmly safeguarding peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.

過去五年，中國特色大國外交全面推進。成功舉辦首屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇、亞太經濟合作組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人杭州峰會、金磚國家領導人廈門會晤等重大主場外交。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、氣候變化大會、世界經濟論壇、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大活動，全方位外交布局深入展開。倡導構建人類命運共同體，為全球治理體系變革貢獻更多中國智慧。經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。堅定維護國家主權和海洋權益。中國作為負責任大國，在解決國際和地區熱點問題上發揮了重要建設性作用，為世界和平與發展作出新的重大貢獻。

Over the past five years, we have pursued distinctively Chinese major country diplomacy on all fronts. We successfully hosted the first Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Hangzhou Summit, the BRICS Xiamen Summit, and other major diplomatic events in China.

President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended major events including the United Nations summits, the Climate Change Conferences, World Economic Forum meetings, and the East Asian Leaders Meetings on Cooperation. China's diplomatic agenda has been further advanced on every front.

China has called for building a community with a shared future for humanity and has contributed more Chinese ideas to the reform of the global governance system. Notable achievements have been made in our country's economic diplomacy and people-to-people and cultural exchanges. We have been resolute in upholding China's sovereignty and maritime rights and interests. As a responsible major country, China has played a constructive role in addressing international and regional hotspot issues, thus making significant new contributions to global peace and development.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

回顧過去五年，諸多矛盾交織疊加，各種風險挑戰接踵而至，國內外很多情況是改革開放以來沒有碰到過的，我國改革發展成就實屬來之不易。這是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮斗的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

Looking back on the past five years, we have encountered a great many interwoven problems and a stream of risks and challenges. Both at home and abroad, there have been many new developments, developments that we have not faced since reform and opening up began. The achievements we have made in China's reform and development have certainly not come easily. We owe them to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all our nation's ethnic groups.

On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other political parties, people's organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express our sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to modernize.

安不忘危，興不忘憂。我們清醒認識到，我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段，仍是世界最大發展中國家，發展不平衡不充分的一些突出問題尚未解決。經濟增長內生動力還不夠足，創新能力還不夠強，發展質量和效益不夠高，一些企業特別是中小企業經營困難，民間投資增勢疲弱，部分地區經濟下行壓力較大，金融等領域風險隱患不容忽視。脫貧攻堅任務艱巨，農業農村基礎仍然薄弱，城鄉區域發展和收入分配差距依然較大。重特大安全生產事故時有發生。在空氣質量、環境衛生、食品藥品安全和住房、教育、醫療、就業、養老等方面，群眾還有不少不滿意的地方。政府職能轉變還不到位。政府工作存在不足，有些改革舉措和政策落實不力，一些干部服務意識和法治意識不強、工作作風不實、擔當精神不夠，形式主義、官僚主義不同程度存在。群眾和企業對辦事難、亂收費意見較多。一些領域不正之風和腐敗問題仍然多發。我們一定要以對國家和人民高度負責的精神，以不畏艱難的勇氣、堅忍不拔的意志，盡心竭力做好工作，使人民政府不負人民重托！

As the Chinese saying goes, when all is calm forget not danger; when all is well be awake to woes. We are keenly aware that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come, that it remains the largest developing country in the world, and that it faces a number of acute problems caused by unbalanced and inadequate development that so far remain unsolved.

The internal forces powering economic growth are not yet sufficient, China's ability to innovate needs to be stronger, and the quality and performance of development need to be improved. Some enterprises, particularly small and medium ones, are finding it tough going. Growth in private investment is weak; some regions still face considerable downward economic pressure, and risks and potential dangers in the financial and other sectors are not to be ignored.

Poverty alleviation remains a formidable task; the foundations of agriculture and rural infrastructure remain weak, and the disparities in development between rural and urban areas, between regions, and in income distribution remain substantial. Serious and major workplace accidents happen all too often. People still have a lot of complaints about air quality, environmental sanitation, food and drug safety, housing, education, healthcare, employment, and elderly care.

The transformation of government functions is not yet where it should be. In the work of government there are areas where we fall short. Some reform measures and policies have not been fully implemented. Some officials are weak on awareness that they are there to serve and must uphold the rule of law, and some lack commitment to their work and willingness to bear the weight of responsibility. Bureaucratism and the practice of formalities for formalities' sake exist to varying degrees. There are many complaints from the people and the business sector about the difficulty of accessing government services and the excessive array of charges. In some sectors misconduct and corruption are still a common problem.

With a deep sense of responsibility to our country and people, with courage in the face of adversity, and with determination that won't be broken, we must give our work all we've got, to make sure that the people's government does not let the people down.

二、2018年經濟社會發展總體要求和政策取向

I now wish to address the overall requirements and policy direction for economic and social development in 2018.

今年是全面貫徹黨的十九大精神的開局之年，是改革開放40周年，是決勝全面建成小康社會、實施“十三五”規劃承上啟下的關鍵一年。做好政府工作，要在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀、習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面深入貫徹黨的十九大和十九屆二中、三中全會精神，貫徹黨的基本理論、基本路線、基本方略，堅持和加強黨的全面領導，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，堅持新發展理念，緊扣我國社會主要矛盾變化，按照高質量發展的要求，統籌推進“五位一體”總體布局和協調推進“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持以供給側結構性改革為主線，統籌推進穩增長、促改革、調結構、惠民生、防風險各項工作，大力推進改革開放，創新和完善宏觀調控，推動質量變革、效率變革、動力變革，特別在打好防范化解重大風險、精準脫貧、污染防治的攻堅戰方面取得扎實進展，引導和穩定預期，加強和改善民生，促進經濟社會持續健康發展。

This year will kick off our efforts to put all the guiding principles from the Party's 19th National Congress into action. It is the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, and it is a crucial year for securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for continuing to implement the 13th Five-Year Plan.

To accomplish the government's work for the year, we must, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, do the following:

- follow the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;

- implement fully all the guiding principles from the Party's 19th National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee;

- act on the Party's basic theory, line, and policy;

- adhere to and strengthen Party leadership in all of our work;

- remain committed to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability and to the new development philosophy;

 - respond to the change in the principal contradiction in Chinese society;

- heed the requirement that development must be high quality;

- coordinate efforts to pursue the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;

- continue to regard supply-side structural reform as our main task;

- coordinate all work to maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risk;

- work hard to reform and open up further;

- explore new ideas on and improve macro regulation;

 - promote a change in quality, change in efficiency, and change in growth drivers;

-  work particularly for solid progress in forestalling and defusing major risks, in targeted poverty alleviation, and in addressing pollution;

- guide and stabilize expectations, improve living standards, and promote sustained, healthy economic and social development.

綜合分析國內外形勢，我國發展面臨的機遇和挑戰并存。世界經濟有望繼續復蘇，但不穩定不確定因素很多，主要經濟體政策調整及其外溢效應帶來變數，保護主義加劇，地緣政治風險上升。我國經濟正處在轉變發展方式、優化經濟結構、轉換增長動力的攻關期，還有很多坡要爬、坎要過，需要應對可以預料和難以預料的風險挑戰。實踐表明，中國的發展成就從來都是在攻堅克難中取得的。當前我國物質技術基礎更加雄厚，產業體系完備、市場規模巨大、人力資源豐富、創業創新活躍，綜合優勢明顯，有能力有條件實現更高質量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持續的發展。

A comprehensive analysis of how things stand at home and abroad tells us that China, in its development, faces both opportunities and challenges.

We can expect continued recovery of the global economy, but there are also many factors that bring instability and uncertainty. The policy changes of the major economies and their spillover effects create uncertainty; protectionism is mounting, and geopolitical risks are on the ascent.

China's economy is now in a pivotal period in the transformation of its growth model, its structural improvement, and its shift to new growth drivers. There are still many hills to climb and gorges to cross; we will have to face risks and challenges, some foreseeable and others not.

In fact it's always been the case that China's achievements in development have been made while overcoming difficulties. Today, China's material and technological foundations are much stronger; its industrial system is complete, its market is vast, its human resources are abundant, and its entrepreneurs and innovators are dynamic. We enjoy composite advantages, and all this means that we have the ability and the conditions to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development.

今年發展主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%左右；居民消費價格漲幅3%左右；城鎮新增就業1100萬人以上，城鎮調查失業率5.5%以內，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內；居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步；進出口穩中向好，國際收支基本平衡；單位國內生產總值能耗下降3%以上，主要污染物排放量繼續下降；供給側結構性改革取得實質性進展，宏觀杠桿率保持基本穩定，各類風險有序有效防控。

Based on the above considerations, we have set the following projected targets for development this year:

- GDP growth of around 6.5 percent

- CPI increase of around 3 percent

 - Over 11 million new urban jobs, the surveyed urban unemployment rate within 5.5 percent, and the registered urban jobless rate within 4.5 percent

 - Basic parity in personal income growth and economic growth

 - A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments

 - A drop of at least 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants

 - Substantive progress in supply-side structural reform, basically stable macro leverage, and systematic and effective prevention and control of risk

上述主要預期目標，考慮了決勝全面建成小康社會需要，符合我國經濟已由高速增長階段轉向高質量發展階段實際。從經濟基本面和就業吸納能力看，6.5%左右的增速可以實現比較充分的就業。城鎮調查失業率涵蓋農民工等城鎮常住人口，今年首次把這一指標作為預期目標，以更全面反映就業狀況，更好體現共享發展要求。

The above targets take into consideration the need to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and are fitting given the fact that China's economy is transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. Given our economic fundamentals and capacity for job creation, GDP growth of around 6.5 percent will enable us to achieve relatively full employment. The surveyed urban unemployment rate covers rural migrant workers and other permanent urban residents. This year, for the first time we are using this indicator as a projected target; this is intended to give a fuller picture of employment and to better reflect the requirement that development is to be shared by everyone.

今年要繼續創新和完善宏觀調控，把握好宏觀調控的度，保持宏觀政策連續性穩定性，加強財政、貨幣、產業、區域等政策協調配合。

This year, we will continue to develop new ways of improving macro regulation and ensure that the degree of macro regulation is right. We will maintain the continuity and consistency of macro policies, and better coordinate fiscal, monetary, industrial, regional, and other policies.

積極的財政政策取向不變，要聚力增效。今年赤字率擬按2.6%安排，比去年預算低0.4個百分點；財政赤字2.38萬億元，其中中央財政赤字1.55萬億元，地方財政赤字8300億元。調低赤字率，主要是我國經濟穩中向好、財政增收有基礎，也為宏觀調控留下更多政策空間。今年全國財政支出21萬億元，支出規模進一步加大。中央對地方一般性轉移支付增長10.9%，增強地方特別是中西部地區財力。優化財政支出結構，提高財政支出的公共性、普惠性，加大對三大攻堅戰的支持，更多向創新驅動、“三農”、民生等領域傾斜。當前財政狀況出現好轉，各級政府仍要堅持過緊日子，執守簡樸、力戒浮華，嚴控一般性支出，把寶貴的資金更多用于為發展增添后勁、為民生雪中送炭。

The proactive direction of our fiscal policy will remain unchanged, and we will concentrate efforts to increase efficiency. This year's deficit as a percentage of GDP is projected at 2.6 percent, 0.4 percentage point lower than last year. The government deficit is projected at 2.38 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.55 trillion yuan and local government deficit of 0.83 trillion yuan. The reduction in the deficit-to-GDP ratio is mainly due to China's economic growth being steady and the foundation being there for an increase in revenue; it also keeps policy options open for macro regulation.

Government expenditure is budgeted at 21 trillion yuan, representing a further increase in the scale of spending. The central government will increase general transfer payments to local governments by 10.9 percent, to strengthen local finances, especially in the central and western regions.

We will improve the composition of government spending, making spending more oriented toward the public good and universal benefit, increasing support for the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, and weighting spending toward innovation-driven development, agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and the improvement of living standards.

Although government finances are improving, government at all levels must keep its belt tightened, keep things as simple as possible, abstain from all excess, and strictly control general expenditures, so that these precious funds are used to add growth drivers for sustaining development and to meet people's most urgent needs.

穩健的貨幣政策保持中性，要松緊適度。管好貨幣供給總閘門，保持廣義貨幣M2、信貸和社會融資規模合理增長，維護流動性合理穩定，提高直接融資特別是股權融資比重。疏通貨幣政策傳導渠道，用好差別化準備金、差異化信貸等政策，引導資金更多投向小微企業、“三農”和貧困地區，更好服務實體經濟。

Our prudent monetary policy will remain neutral, with easing or tightening only as appropriate. We need to make sure that the valve of aggregate monetary supply is well controlled, maintain moderate growth in M2 money supply, credit, and aggregate financing, ensure a reasonable, stable level of liquidity, and increase the proportion of direct finance, particularly equity finance. We will improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, make better use of differentiated reserve ratio and credit policies, and encourage more funds to flow toward small and micro businesses, agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and poor areas, and to better serve the real economy.

做好今年工作，要認真貫徹習近平新時代中國特色社會主義經濟思想，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，把穩和進作為一個整體來把握，注重以下幾點。一是大力推動高質量發展。發展是解決我國一切問題的基礎和關鍵。要著力解決發展不平衡不充分問題，圍繞建設現代化經濟體系，堅持質量第一、效益優先，促進經濟結構優化升級。要尊重經濟規律，遠近結合，確保經濟運行在合理區間，實現經濟平穩增長和質量效益提高互促共進。二是加大改革開放力度。改革開放是決定當代中國命運的關鍵一招，也是實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的關鍵一招。在新的歷史起點上，思想要再解放，改革要再深化，開放要再擴大。充分發揮人民首創精神，鼓勵各地從實際出發，敢闖敢試，敢于碰硬，把改革開放不斷向前推進。三是抓好決勝全面建成小康社會三大攻堅戰。要分別提出工作思路和具體舉措，排出時間表、路線圖、優先序，確保風險隱患得到有效控制，確保脫貧攻堅任務全面完成，確保生態環境質量總體改善。我們所做的一切工作，都是為了人民。要堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，從我國基本國情出發，盡力而為、量力而行，把群眾最關切最煩心的事一件一件解決好，促進社會公平正義和人的全面發展，使人民生活隨著國家發展一年比一年更好。

For government to deliver this year, we must act on Xi Jinping's economic thinking for new-era socialism with Chinese characteristics, continue following the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and regard stability and progress as being indivisible. Specifically, we will do the following:

First, we will strongly promote high-quality development. Development is the underpinning and the key for solving all our country's problems. We will devote attention to addressing unbalanced and insufficient development. Centering on developing a modernized economy, we will put quality first and give priority to performance, and promote economic structural improvement and upgrading. We must respect objective economic laws, consider both long- and near-term needs, ensure the economy performs within a reasonable range, and achieve a situation in which steady economic growth and improvement in quality and performance reinforce each other.

Second, we will be bolder in reform and opening up. Reform and opening was a game-changing move in making China what it is today; it now remains a game-changing move for us to achieve China's two centenary goals. Standing at a new historic starting point, we must go further in freeing our minds, in deepening reform, and in opening up. We need to give full play to the pioneering drive of the people, and encourage all localities, based on their own conditions, to dare to explore, dare to try things out, and dare to confront the toughest of issues, to keep reform and opening up constantly moving forward.

Third, we will ensure success in the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, battles that are important for decisively bringing to completion the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We need to adopt targeted approaches and specific measures, draw up timetables and roadmaps, and set well-defined priorities. We will make sure risks and potential dangers are effectively controlled, make sure poverty alleviation is fully accomplished, and make sure there is an overall improvement in the quality of the environment.

All of our work is work for the people. We will stay true to the vision of people-centered development, start by considering China's own situation, and do everything within our capacity to resolve each and every one of the issues that most affect and worry our people, promote social fairness and justice and well-rounded human development, and see that the people's lives, along with our country's development, keep getting better year after year.

三、對2018年政府工作的建議

Fellow Deputies,

Let me turn to what we propose for the work of government in 2018.

今年經濟社會發展任務十分繁重。要緊緊抓住大有可為的歷史機遇期，統籌兼顧、突出重點，扎實做好各項工作。

The tasks of economic and social development this year are formidable. We should make the most of this period of historic opportunity—a period for making things happen. We should take coordinated action that covers all sectors and focus on clear priorities, to deliver a solid performance in all areas of work.

（一）深入推進供給側結構性改革。堅持把發展經濟著力點放在實體經濟上，繼續抓好“三去一降一補”，大力簡政減稅減費，不斷優化營商環境，進一步激發市場主體活力，提升經濟發展質量。

1. Stepping up supply-side structural reform

In economic development we need to focus on the real economy. We should continue to cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and strengthen areas of weakness. We should take big steps to streamline administration and cut taxes and fees, keep improving the business environment, and further energize market entities, to increase the quality of economic growth.

發展壯大新動能。做大做強新興產業集群，實施大數據發展行動，加強新一代人工智能研發應用，在醫療、養老、教育、文化、體育等多領域推進“互聯網+”。加快發展現代服務業。發展智能產業，拓展智能生活，建設智慧社會。運用新技術、新業態、新模式，大力改造提升傳統產業。加強新興產業統計。加大網絡提速降費力度，實現高速寬帶城鄉全覆蓋，擴大公共場所免費上網范圍，明顯降低家庭寬帶、企業寬帶和專線使用費，取消流量“漫游”費，移動網絡流量資費年內至少降低30%，讓群眾和企業切實受益，為數字中國、網絡強國建設加油助力。

We should develop powerful new growth drivers.

We should create big, strong industrial clusters in emerging industries, implement the big data development action plan, step up next-generation artificial intelligence R&D and application, and do more to promote the Internet Plus model in many fields like medical care, elderly care, education, culture, and sports. We should move faster to develop modern services. We should develop intelligent industries, expand intelligent living, and build a smart society. We should use new technologies, new forms of business, and new models to transform and upgrade traditional industries. Statistics on emerging industries should be strengthened.

We should do more to speed up broadband and bring down internet rates, achieve high-speed broadband access in both urban and rural areas, and make free internet access available in more public places. We should significantly lower the rates of home broadband, and corporate broadband and dedicated internet access services; domestic data roaming charges should be abolished, and rates for mobile internet services should be cut by at least 30 percent. These steps would bring tangible benefits to people and businesses, and boost the development of a Digital China and a leader in cyberspace.

加快制造強國建設。推動集成電路、第五代移動通信、飛機發動機、新能源汽車、新材料等產業發展，實施重大短板裝備專項工程，推進智能制造，發展工業互聯網平臺，創建“中國制造2025”示范區。大幅壓減工業生產許可證，強化產品質量監管。全面開展質量提升行動，推進與國際先進水平對標達標，弘揚勞模精神和工匠精神，建設知識型、技能型、創新型勞動者大軍，來一場中國制造的品質革命。

We should speed up work to build China into a leader in manufacturing.

We should promote the development of integrated circuits, 5G mobile communications, aircraft engines, new-energy vehicles, and new materials. We should launch an initiative to shore up weaknesses in major equipment manufacturing, advance smart manufacturing, develop industrial internet platforms, and create Made in China 2025 demonstration zones.

We should significantly scale back industrial production licensing, and strengthen product quality oversight. We should take action in all sectors to improve quality, and work toward meeting the highest international standards. We should encourage the model worker work ethic and the spirit of quality workmanship, build an educated, skilled, and innovative workforce, and ignite a quality revolution in Chinese manufacturing.

繼續破除無效供給。堅持用市場化法治化手段，嚴格執行環保、質量、安全等法規標準，化解過剩產能、淘汰落后產能。今年再壓減鋼鐵產能3000萬噸左右，退出煤炭產能1.5億噸左右，淘汰關停不達標的30萬千瓦以下煤電機組。加大“僵尸企業”破產清算和重整力度，做好職工安置和債務處置。減少無效供給要抓出新成效。

We should continue cutting ineffective supply.

With a commitment to using approaches consistent with market principles and the rule of law, we need to strictly enforce environmental protection, quality, and safety laws, regulations, and standards, and ease overcapacity and close down outdated production facilities. This year, steel production capacity should be further cut by around 30 million metric tons and coal production capacity should be cut by about 150 million metric tons. Coal-fired power generating units with a capacity of less than 300,000 kilowatts that fail to meet standards should be closed.

We should step up work on "zombie enterprise" bankruptcy liquidations and reorganization, ensuring that affected employees are given assistance and debts are dealt with. In cutting ineffective supply, we need to knuckle down to produce new results.

深化“放管服”改革。全面實施全國統一的市場準入負面清單制度。在全國推開“證照分離”改革，重點是照后減證，各類證能減盡減、能合則合，進一步壓縮企業開辦時間。大幅縮短商標注冊周期。工程建設項目審批時間再壓減一半。推進企業投資項目承諾制改革試點。全面實施“雙隨機、一公開”監管，決不允許假冒偽劣滋生蔓延，決不允許執法者吃拿卡要。深入推進“互聯網+政務服務”，使更多事項在網上辦理，必須到現場辦的也要力爭做到“只進一扇門”、“最多跑一次”。加強政務服務標準化建設。大力推進綜合執法機構機制改革，著力解決多頭多層重復執法問題。加快政府信息系統互聯互通，打通信息孤島。清理群眾和企業辦事的各類證明，沒有法律法規依據的一律取消。優化營商環境就是解放生產力、提高競爭力，要破障礙、去煩苛、筑坦途，為市場主體添活力，為人民群眾增便利。

We should deepen the reforms designed to delegate powers, improve regulation, and strengthen services.

We should put fully into effect a nationally unified market access negative list system. The reform separating permits and certificates from business licenses should be rolled out nationwide. With the main thrust of this reform being to cut back on the permits and certificates now required once a business license is issued, all that can be cut should be cut, and all that can be merged should be merged. This would further trim a chunk off the time it takes to complete all the procedures required for starting a business. The turnaround time for registering a trademark should be significantly shortened, and the time it takes for a construction project to get government approval should again be halved. Trial reforms should be advanced to introduce a business-invested project commitment system.

An oversight model using randomly selected inspectors to inspect randomly selected entities and requiring the prompt release of results should be implemented across the board. There should be zero tolerance for counterfeit and substandard products and corruption in law enforcement.

We should make progress with the Internet Plus Government Services model, enabling more matters to be processed online, and doing our best to see that things requiring presence in person get done in one place and without the need for a second trip. We should step up efforts to standardize government services. We should work hard to advance the comprehensive institutional reform of law enforcement bodies, focusing on resolving the problem of layers of duplication in law enforcement. We should work faster to develop government information system connectivity and connect up information islands. We should review all types of certificates required of individuals and businesses when accessing government services, and put a stop to anything being required that does not have a basis in law or regulations. Creating a better business environment would unlock productivity and increase competitiveness. We need to remove barriers, cut red tape, and build even pathways, to energize market entities and bring greater convenience to the people.

進一步減輕企業稅負。改革完善增值稅制度，按照三檔并兩檔方向調整稅率水平，重點降低制造業、交通運輸等行業稅率，提高小規模納稅人年銷售額標準。大幅擴展享受減半征收所得稅優惠政策的小微企業范圍。大幅提高企業新購入儀器設備稅前扣除上限。實施企業境外所得綜合抵免政策。擴大物流企業倉儲用地稅收優惠范圍。繼續實施企業重組土地增值稅、契稅等到期優惠政策。全年再為企業和個人減稅8000多億元，促進實體經濟轉型升級，著力激發市場活力和社會創造力。

We should further lighten the tax burden on businesses.

The VAT system should be reformed and improved: We should turn the three tax brackets into two and adjust rates, prioritize lowering rates in manufacturing and transportation, and raise the annual sales threshold for small-scale taxpayers. Far greater numbers of small low-profit businesses should have their income tax halved, and the ceilings on deductible business purchases of instruments and equipment should be significantly raised. A policy of uniform corporate income tax exemption on the overseas earnings of Chinese businesses should be put into implementation. More logistics companies should be able to enjoy preferential tax treatment on their use of land for storage facilities. Some expiring preferential policies should be extended, such as those on VAT and deed transfer tax on land transactions in enterprise reorganizations.

These measures would, over the year, reduce taxes on businesses and individuals by more than 800 billion yuan, promote the transformation and upgrading of the real economy, and do much to unleash market vitality and public creativity.

大幅降低企業非稅負擔。進一步清理規范行政事業性收費，調低部分政府性基金征收標準。繼續階段性降低企業“五險一金”繳費比例。降低電網環節收費和輸配電價格，一般工商業電價平均降低10%。深化收費公路制度改革，降低過路過橋費用。加大中介服務收費清理整頓力度。全年要為市場主體減輕非稅負擔3000多億元，不合理的堅決取消，過高的堅決降下來，讓企業輕裝上陣、聚力發展。

We should slash non-tax burdens on businesses.

We should further review and standardize government administrative fees, and lower required payments to some government-managed funds. We should continue the time-limited policy of lowering the share borne by businesses for contributions to old-age pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund schemes. Power grid charges and electricity transmission and distribution prices should be lowered, and the price of electricity for general industrial and commercial businesses should be cut by an average of 10 percent. We should deepen reform of the system of highway tolls and reduce tolls on highways and bridges. Charges for intermediary services should be thoroughly overhauled.

This year, to lighten the non-tax burden on market entities by over 300 billion yuan, all unjustified fees need to be abolished and all excessive fees need to be cut, leaving enterprises with a much lighter load and free to focus their resources on their development.

（二）加快建設創新型國家。把握世界新一輪科技革命和產業變革大勢，深入實施創新驅動發展戰略，不斷增強經濟創新力和競爭力。

2. Moving faster to make China a country of innovators

The latest global revolution in science and technology and industrial transformation are trends we must make the most of. We should do more in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, and keep on making the Chinese economy more innovative and competitive.

加強國家創新體系建設。強化基礎研究、應用基礎研究和原始創新，啟動一批科技創新重大項目，高標準建設國家實驗室。鼓勵企業牽頭實施重大科技項目，支持科研院所、高校與企業融通創新，加快創新成果轉化應用。國家科技投入要向民生領域傾斜，加強霧霾治理研究，推進癌癥等重大疾病防治攻關，使科技更好造福人民。

We should improve national innovation systems.

We should strengthen basic research, application-oriented basic research, and original innovation, launch a number of major science and technology innovation programs, and build top-quality national laboratories. We should encourage enterprises to head up major science and technology programs, support collaborative innovation by research institutes, universities, and enterprises, and speed up the commercialization and application of innovations. State investments in science and technology should be weighted toward fields related to improving living standards; smog prevention and control research should be strengthened, and more should be done toward making breakthroughs in the prevention and treatment of cancers and other serious diseases, to make science and technology do more to benefit the people.

落實和完善創新激勵政策。改革科技管理制度，科研項目績效評價要加快從重過程向重結果轉變。賦予創新團隊和領軍人才更大的人財物支配權和技術路線決策權。對承擔重大科技攻關任務的科研人員，采取靈活的薪酬制度和獎勵措施。探索賦予科研人員科技成果所有權或長期使用權。有悖于激勵創新的陳規舊章，要抓緊修改廢止；有礙于釋放創新活力的繁文縟節，要下決心砍掉。

We should act on and improve policies that stimulate innovation.

We should reform the science and technology management system, and speed up the shift in research project performance assessment from emphasis on processes to emphasis on outcomes. We should empower innovation teams and leaders by seeing that they have more human, financial, and material resources at their disposal and more power to make decisions related to technology roadmaps. For researchers working on major scientific and technological breakthroughs we should adopt flexible remuneration systems and reward schemes. We should explore ways to grant researchers ownership or permanent use rights over their scientific and technological outputs.

All outdated rules and regulations that sap the inspiration for innovation need to be modified or abolished without delay, and all red tape that strangles efforts to unlock innovation need to be torn clean away.

促進大眾創業、萬眾創新上水平。我國擁有世界上規模最大的人力人才資源，這是創新發展的最大“富礦”。要提供全方位創新創業服務，推進“雙創”示范基地建設，鼓勵大企業、高校和科研院所等開放創新資源，發展平臺經濟、共享經濟，形成線上線下結合、產學研用協同、大中小企業融合的創新創業格局，打造“雙創”升級版。設立國家融資擔保基金，支持優質創新型企業上市融資，將創業投資、天使投資稅收優惠政策試點范圍擴大到全國。深化人才發展體制改革，推動人力資源自由有序流動，支持企業提高技術工人待遇，加大高技能人才激勵，鼓勵海外留學人員回國創新創業，拓寬外國人才來華綠色通道。集眾智匯眾力，一定能跑出中國創新“加速度”。

We need to take the nationwide business startup and innovation initiative to the next level.

China is home to the biggest pool of human resources and talent in the world. In this we have the greatest gold mine there is for innovation and development. We should provide services that tick every box for inventors, innovators, and entrepreneurs, and establish more business startup and innovation demonstration centers. We should encourage large enterprises, universities, research institutes, and other organizations to enable access to the resources necessary for innovation, boost the platform economy and the sharing economy, and create an innovation and entrepreneurship landscape of combinations of online and offline activities, collaboration between enterprises, universities, research institutes, and end-users, and partnering between businesses of all sizes. With these efforts, we would create an upgraded edition of the national initiative to promote business startups and innovation.

We should establish a state financing guaranty fund, support leading innovative enterprises in going public, and extend nationwide the pilot preferential tax policies for venture capital investment and angel investment.

We should deepen the reform of institutions for talent development, promote free, orderly flows of human resources, support enterprises in increasing pay packages for technical workers, and strengthen the incentives for highly skilled personnel.

We should encourage overseas Chinese students to return to China after completing their studies to pursue business and other innovative ventures; we should create a fast track to attract more foreign talent to China. If myriad intellects are brought together and all energies are pooled, we can be sure to see China break into a sprint in innovation.

（三）深化基礎性關鍵領域改革。以改革開放40周年為重要契機，推動改革取得新突破，不斷解放和發展社會生產力。

3. Deepening reforms in fundamental and key areas

We should, drawing on the important momentum generated by the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, endeavor to make new breakthroughs in reform, and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.

推進國資國企改革。制定出資人監管權責清單。深化國有資本投資、運營公司等改革試點，賦予更多自主權。繼續推進國有企業優化重組和央企股份制改革，加快形成有效制衡的法人治理結構和靈活高效的市場化經營機制，持續瘦身健體，提升主業核心競爭力，推動國有資本做強做優做大。積極穩妥推進混合所有制改革。落實向全國人大常委會報告國有資產管理情況的制度。國有企業要通過改革創新，走在高質量發展前列。

We should advance the reform of state capital and SOEs.

Lists of investor rights and obligations regarding oversight and regulation should be drawn up. We should deepen trial reforms in state capital investment and management companies, and grant them more decision-making power. We should continue moving forward with the improvement and restructuring of SOEs and the joint-stock reform of central government enterprises, and move faster to give shape to corporate governance structures with effective checks and balances and flexible and efficient market-based operating mechanisms. We should work consistently to make SOEs into leaner, better performers, increase the core competitiveness of their main business, and strengthen, expand, and increase returns on state capital.

Reforms introducing mixed ownership in SOEs should be moved forward actively and prudently. The system for State Council reporting to the NPC Standing Committee on the management of state-owned assets should be implemented. Our SOEs should, through reform and innovation, become front-runners in pursuing high-quality development.

支持民營企業發展。堅持“兩個毫不動搖”，堅持權利平等、機會平等、規則平等，全面落實支持非公有制經濟發展的政策措施，認真解決民營企業反映的突出問題，堅決破除各種隱性壁壘。構建親清新型政商關系，健全企業家參與涉企政策制定機制。激發和保護企業家精神，壯大企業家隊伍，增強企業家信心，讓民營企業在市場經濟浪潮中盡顯身手。

We should support the development of private enterprises.

There should be no irresolution about consolidating and developing the public sector and no irresolution about encouraging, supporting, and guiding non-public sector development; we should uphold the principle of equal rights, equal opportunities, and fair rules. We should implement fully all policies and measures in support of non-public sector development, earnestly address salient problems that concern private companies, and take firm action to remove hidden barriers.

We should build a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, and improve mechanisms for entrepreneurs to participate in enterprise-related policy formulation. We should inspire and protect entrepreneurship, expand the ranks of entrepreneurs, boost entrepreneur confidence, and enable private enterprises to reach their maximum potential in the market economy.

完善產權制度和要素市場化配置機制。產權制度是社會主義市場經濟的基石。要以保護產權、維護契約、統一市場、平等交換、公平競爭為基本導向，完善相關法律法規。對各種侵權行為要依法嚴肅處理，對產權糾紛申訴案件要依法甄別糾正。強化知識產權保護，實行侵權懲罰性賠償制度。加快技術、土地等要素價格市場化改革，深化資源類產品和公共服務價格改革，打破行政壟斷，防止市場壟斷。要用有力的產權保護、順暢的要素流動，讓市場活力和社會創造力競相迸發。

We should improve property rights systems and mechanisms for the market-based allocation of the factors of production.

The property rights system is the cornerstone of the socialist market economy. We should improve the relevant laws and regulations to see that property rights are protected, contracts are honored, the market is unified, exchanges are equal, and competition is fair. All types of infringements on property rights need to be strictly dealt with in accordance with law, and all cases involving property rights dispute complaints need to be reviewed and settled in accordance with law.

We should strengthen the protection of intellectual property, and enforce a punitive compensation system for intellectual property rights infringements. We should speed up reforms making the pricing of factors of production like technology and land increasingly market-based, deepen reform of the pricing mechanisms for resource products and public services, break government monopolies, and protect against market monopolies. We need to see that strong protection of property rights and fluid flows of the factors of production enable a great increase in market dynamism and public creativity.

深化財稅體制改革。推進中央與地方財政事權和支出責任劃分改革，抓緊制定收入劃分改革方案，完善轉移支付制度。健全地方稅體系，穩妥推進房地產稅立法。改革個人所得稅。全面實施績效管理，使財政資金花得其所、用得安全。

We should continue structural fiscal and tax reforms.

We should advance reforms to clearly define the respective fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities of central and local government, move quickly on formulating a plan for reforming the division of revenue, and improve the transfer payments system.

We should improve local tax systems, and prudently advance legislation on real estate tax. Personal income tax should be reformed. We should implement performance-based management across the board, ensuring the proper and secure use of fiscal budgets.

加快金融體制改革。改革完善金融服務體系，支持金融機構擴展普惠金融業務，規范發展地方性中小金融機構，著力解決小微企業融資難、融資貴問題。深化多層次資本市場改革，推動債券、期貨市場發展。拓展保險市場的風險保障功能。改革金融監管體制。深化利率匯率市場化改革，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定。

We should speed up reforms in the financial sector.

We should reform and improve the financial service system, support financial institutions in expanding their business in inclusive finance, promote the well-regulated development of small and medium local financial institutions, and focus on solving the problem of small and micro enterprises finding it tough and expensive to access financing.

We should deepen the reform to develop a multi-tiered capital market, and promote the development of the bonds and futures markets. The insurance market's role in protecting against risk should be expanded. The system for financial regulation should be reformed. We should deepen reforms to make the interest rate and exchange rate more market-based, and see that the RMB exchange rate remains generally stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level.

推進社會體制改革。深化養老保險制度改革，建立企業職工基本養老保險基金中央調劑制度。深化公立醫院綜合改革，協調推進醫療價格、人事薪酬、藥品流通、醫保支付改革，提高醫療衛生服務質量，下大力氣解決群眾看病就醫難題。深入推進教育、文化、體育等改革，充分釋放社會領域巨大發展潛力。

We should advance institutional social reforms.

We should deepen reform of the old-age pension system, and establish a central system for enterprise employees' basic old-age pension funds to be used inter-provincially. We should deepen comprehensive public hospital reform and make coordinated moves to reform healthcare pricing, staffing and remuneration, medicine distribution, and health insurance payment models. We should improve the quality of healthcare services and work hard to resolve the difficulties people face in accessing medical care. We should continue reforms in education, culture, and sports, fully unlocking society's vast potential for development.

健全生態文明體制。改革完善生態環境管理制度，加強自然生態空間用途管制，推行生態環境損害賠償制度，完善生態補償機制，以更加有效的制度保護生態環境。

We need to build a more robust system for developing an ecological civilization.

We should reform and improve the system for ecological and environmental regulation, strengthen regulation over the use of natural ecological spaces, roll out a system of compensation for ecological and environmental damage, and improve the compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation, using more effective institutions to achieve ecological and environmental protection.

（四）堅決打好三大攻堅戰。要圍繞完成年度攻堅任務，明確各方責任，強化政策保障，把各項工作做實做好。

4. Fighting three critical battles

To fulfill our key annual tasks, we need to make everyone involved clear about their responsibilities, strengthen policy implementation, and ensure that every element of work is done to good, solid effect.

推動重大風險防范化解取得明顯進展。當前我國經濟金融風險總體可控，要標本兼治，有效消除風險隱患。嚴厲打擊非法集資、金融詐騙等違法犯罪活動。加快市場化法治化債轉股和企業兼并重組。加強金融機構風險內控。強化金融監管統籌協調，健全對影子銀行、互聯網金融、金融控股公司等監管，進一步完善金融監管、提升監管效能。防范化解地方政府債務風險。嚴禁各類違法違規舉債、擔保等行為。省級政府對本轄區債務負總責，省級以下各級地方政府各負其責，積極穩妥處置存量債務。健全規范的地方政府舉債融資機制。今年安排地方專項債券1.35萬億元，比去年增加5500億元，優先支持在建項目平穩建設，合理擴大專項債券使用范圍。我國經濟基本面好，政策工具多，完全能夠守住不發生系統性風險的底線。

First, we should strive for notable progress in forestalling and defusing major risks.

At present, China's economic and financial risks are on the whole manageable. What we need to do is to tackle both symptoms and root causes and take effective measures to defuse potential risks.

Tough measures should be taken against unlawful and criminal activities like illegal fundraising and financial fraud. Debt-to-equity swaps and business acquisitions and reorganizations, conducted in a way consistent with market principles and the rule of law, should be accelerated.

We need to see that internal risk controls are tightened in financial institutions. We should strengthen coordination in financial regulation, improve regulation over shadow banking, internet finance, and financial holding companies, and further improve financial regulation to make it more effective.

We should forestall and defuse local government debt risk. All forms of borrowing and debt underwriting that violate the law and regulations must be strictly prohibited. Provincial-level governments should assume overall responsibility for debts incurred by local governments within their jurisdictions; every level of government below the provincial level should live up to their own responsibilities, and all must take active, prudent steps to deal with outstanding debt. We should improve the standard mechanisms for local governments to secure financing. This year, local government special bonds issued are expected to total 1.35 trillion yuan, an increase of 550 billion yuan year on year, to be used as a matter of priority for financing the smooth implementation of ongoing projects; and the scope of the use of special bonds should be appropriately expanded.

The fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound, and we have many policy tools at our disposal. We are fully capable of forestalling systemic risks.

加大精準脫貧力度。今年再減少農村貧困人口1000萬以上，完成易地扶貧搬遷280萬人。深入推進產業、教育、健康、生態和文化等扶貧，補齊基礎設施和公共服務短板，加強東西部扶貧協作和對口支援，注重扶貧同扶志、扶智相結合，激發脫貧內生動力。強化對深度貧困地區支持，中央財政新增扶貧投入及有關轉移支付向深度貧困地區傾斜。對老年人、殘疾人、重病患者等特定貧困人口，因戶因人落實保障措施。攻堅期內脫貧不脫政策，新產生的貧困人口和返貧人口要及時納入幫扶。加強扶貧資金整合和績效管理。開展扶貧領域腐敗和作風問題專項治理，改進考核監督方式。堅持現行脫貧標準，確保進度和質量，讓脫貧得到群眾認可、經得起歷史檢驗。

Second, we should step up targeted poverty alleviation.

This year, the poor rural population should be further reduced by over 10 million, including 2.8 million people to be relocated from inhospitable areas. More should be done to alleviate poverty through the development of local industries, education, healthcare, and culture, and through the development and conservation of local ecological resources. We should shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services, strengthen collaboration on poverty alleviation and paired assistance between the eastern and western regions, and focus particular attention on building people's confidence in their ability to lift themselves out of poverty and on helping them access the education they need to do so. With all these efforts, we would create self-generated impetus for poverty reduction.

We should do more to support areas affected by extreme poverty, and the central budget's newly enlarged poverty reduction funds and related transfer payments should be weighted toward these areas. We should tailor measures to individuals and individual households to ensure that targeted poor populations, including elderly people, people with disabilities, and people with serious diseases, receive the assistance they need. Poverty relief policies should remain unchanged for those already lifted out of poverty while the battle goes on, and the newly poor and those who slip back into poverty should receive prompt support.

Poverty alleviation funds should be better integrated and performance-based management should be strengthened. We need to take targeted measures against corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation, and improve the methods used in evaluation and oversight. We should continue to apply the current poverty alleviation standards and ensure that poverty reduction progresses as planned and meets all standards, so that poverty alleviation work wins the approval of the people and stands the test of time.

推進污染防治取得更大成效。鞏固藍天保衛戰成果，今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度繼續下降。推動鋼鐵等行業超低排放改造。提高污染排放標準，實行限期達標。大力發展清潔能源。開展柴油貨車、船舶超標排放專項治理，繼續淘汰老舊車。深入推進水、土壤污染防治，今年化學需氧量、氨氮排放量要下降2%。實施重點流域和海域綜合治理，全面整治黑臭水體。加大污水處理設施建設力度，完善收費政策。加強固體廢棄物和垃圾分類處置，嚴禁“洋垃圾”入境。加強生態系統保護和修復，全面劃定并嚴守生態保護紅線，完成造林1億畝以上，耕地輪作休耕試點面積增加到3000萬畝，加強地下水保護和修復，擴大濕地保護和恢復范圍，深化國家公園體制改革試點。嚴控填海造地。嚴格環境執法和問責。我們要攜手行動，建設天藍、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

Third, we should work to make greater progress in addressing pollution.

Gains made in the fight to defend the blue of our skies should be consolidated. This year, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions should be cut by 3 percent and a continuous decline in PM2.5 density should be achieved in key areas.

We should encourage upgrading in the steel and other industries to achieve ultra-low emissions. We should raise standards on the emission of pollutants, and set deadlines for meeting required discharge standards. We should make a big push to develop clean energy. A special program is needed to reduce exhaust emissions by diesel trucks and ships that exceed standards, and work should continue on removing old and high-emission vehicles from roads.

We should continue efforts to prevent and control water and soil pollution. This year, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions should be cut by 2 percent. Water environments in key river basins and sea areas should be improved through comprehensive measures, and thorough action should be taken to clean up black, malodorous water bodies. We should strengthen the development of sewage treatment facilities, and improve policy on charges for their services. We should strengthen sorting in solid waste and garbage disposal. We should completely prohibit garbage from being brought into China.

Efforts should be redoubled to protect and restore ecosystems, and redlines for ecological conservation should be set and observed strictly across the country. This year, more than 6.67 million hectares of land should be afforested, and crop rotation and fallow land trials should be increased to cover 2 million hectares of farmland. Groundwater should be better protected and restored; wetland protection and restoration should be expanded, and pilot reforms for the national parks system should continue. We need to impose strict controls over coastal area reclamation. Environmental laws and regulations must be strictly enforced, and those guilty must be held strictly to account. We all need to join hands and take action to build a Beautiful China where the skies are blue, the lands are green, and the waters are clear.

（五）大力實施鄉村振興戰略。科學制定規劃，健全城鄉融合發展體制機制，依靠改革創新壯大鄉村發展新動能。

5. Making strong moves in the rural revitalization strategy

Plans should be well designed and the institutions and mechanisms needed to achieve integrated urban-rural development should be improved. We should rely on reform and innovation to build powerful new growth drivers for rural development.

推進農業供給側結構性改革。促進農林牧漁業和種業創新發展，加快建設現代農業產業園和特色農產品優勢區。堅持提質導向，穩定和優化糧食生產。加快消化糧食庫存。發展農產品加工業。新增高標準農田8000萬畝以上、高效節水灌溉面積2000萬畝。培育新型經營主體，提高農業科技水平，推進農業機械化全程全面發展，加強面向小農戶的社會化服務。鼓勵支持返鄉農民工、大中專畢業生、科技人員、退役軍人和工商企業等從事現代農業建設、發展農村新業態新模式。深入推進“互聯網+農業”，多渠道增加農民收入，促進農村一二三產業融合發展。

We should advance supply-side structural reform in agriculture.

We should promote innovative development in the farming, forestry, livestock, fishing, and seed industries, and speed up work on developing modern agriculture industrial parks and areas producing local specialty agricultural products. With a focus on improving quality, we should ensure stable and optimized grain output. We should act faster to reduce excess food stockpiles. We should develop the agricultural products processing industry. The area of high-standard cropland should be increased by at least 5.33 million hectares, and the coverage of efficient water-saving irrigation should be expanded by 1.33 million hectares.

We should cultivate new types of agribusiness, improve agricultural technology, encourage whole-process, all-around development in mechanizing agriculture, and improve commercial services catering to small agricultural households. We should encourage and support returnee rural migrant workers, secondary and tertiary specialized school graduates, scientists and technicians, demobilized military personnel, and industrial and commercial businesses to get involved in developing modern agriculture and new forms and models of business in rural areas. We should make further headway with the Internet Plus Agriculture model, use multiple channels to increase rural incomes, and encourage the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries to develop in an integrated way in rural areas.

全面深化農村改革。落實第二輪土地承包到期后再延長30年的政策。探索宅基地所有權、資格權、使用權分置改革。改進耕地占補平衡管理辦法，建立新增耕地指標、城鄉建設用地增減掛鉤節余指標跨省域調劑機制，所得收益全部用于脫貧攻堅和支持鄉村振興。深化糧食收儲、集體產權、集體林權、國有林區林場、農墾、供銷社等改革，使農業農村充滿生機活力。

We should deepen all rural reforms.

We should implement the policy extending second-round rural land contracts by another 30 years upon expiration. We should experiment with separating the ownership rights, qualification rights, and use rights for rural land designated for housing.

We should improve the measures on offsetting cultivated land used for other purposes, and establish a mechanism that allows the surplus quotas produced by linking newly-added cropland quotas with the amount of land used for construction to be adjusted inter-provincially. All profit therefrom should be used to fight poverty and support rural revitalization.

We should deepen reforms related to grain purchasing and storage, collective property rights, collective forest tenure, state forestry areas and farms, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives, and see that agriculture and rural areas are full of life and dynamism.

推動農村各項事業全面發展。完善農村醫療、教育、文化等公共服務。改善供水、供電、信息等基礎設施，新建改建農村公路20萬公里。穩步開展農村人居環境整治三年行動，推進“廁所革命”和垃圾收集處理。促進農村移風易俗。健全自治、法治、德治相結合的鄉村治理體系。大力培育鄉村振興人才。我們要堅持走中國特色社會主義鄉村振興道路，加快實現農業農村現代化。

We should promote the full development of all programs in rural areas.

We should improve healthcare, education, cultural, and other public services in rural areas. We should improve the infrastructure for supplying water and power, for information, and so on, and build or upgrade 200,000 kilometers of rural roads. Steady steps should be taken as part of a three-year campaign to improve rural living environments, and progress should be made in the Toilet Revolution and in garbage collection and disposal.

We should encourage a shift away from outdated social practices. The rural governance model, based on self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue, should be improved. Strong efforts should be made to train personnel serving rural revitalization. We should continue to pursue a Chinese path to socialist rural revitalization, and work faster to achieve agricultural and rural modernization.

（六）扎實推進區域協調發展戰略。完善區域發展政策，推進基本公共服務均等化，逐步縮小城鄉區域發展差距，把各地比較優勢和潛力充分發揮出來。

6. Making solid progress in the coordinated regional development strategy

Regional development policies should be refined, progress should be made in equalizing access to basic public services, the gap in urban-rural and regional development should gradually be narrowed, and the comparative advantages and potential of each region should be fully leveraged.

塑造區域發展新格局。加強對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區改革發展的支持。以疏解北京非首都功能為重點推進京津冀協同發展，高起點規劃、高標準建設雄安新區。以生態優先、綠色發展為引領推進長江經濟帶發展。出臺實施粵港澳大灣區發展規劃綱要，全面推進內地同香港、澳門互利合作。制定西部大開發新的指導意見，落實東北等老工業基地振興舉措，繼續推動中部地區崛起，支持東部地區率先發展。加強對資源型地區經濟轉型發展的支持。壯大海洋經濟，堅決維護國家海洋權益。

We should create a new landscape in regional development.

We should step up support for reform and development in old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas.

We should promote the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, with the focus on relieving Beijing of functions nonessential to its role as the capital, and develop the Xiongan New Area in line with forward-looking plans and high standards. We should move forward with developing the Yangtze Economic Belt, giving primary consideration to protecting ecosystems and pursuing green development. We should unveil and implement the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area development plan, and promote in all areas mutually beneficial cooperation between the mainland, Hong Kong, and Macao.

We should draw up new guidelines for large-scale development in the western region, implement policies for revitalizing northeast China and other old industrial bases, continue to promote the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region in spearheading development.

We should give stronger support to economic transformation and development in resource-depleted areas. We need to strengthen the maritime economy, and resolutely safeguard China's maritime rights and interests.

提高新型城鎮化質量。今年再進城落戶1300萬人，加快農業轉移人口市民化。完善城鎮規劃，優先發展公共交通，健全菜市場、停車場等便民服務設施，加快無障礙設施建設。有序推進“城中村”、老舊小區改造，完善配套設施，鼓勵有條件的加裝電梯。加強排澇管網、地下綜合管廊、海綿城市等建設。新型城鎮化的核心在人，要加強精細化服務、人性化管理，使人人都有公平發展機會，讓居民生活得方便、舒心。

We should pursue better-quality new urbanization.

This year, another 13 million people should be registered as permanent urban residents, and we should speed up work on granting permanent urban residency to people originally from rural areas.

We need to improve urban planning. We should prioritize the development of public transportation, improve local amenities like food markets and parking facilities, and work faster to build accessible facilities. We should take planned steps to rebuild villages in cities and old residential areas, improve supporting utilities, and encourage the installation of elevators in old residential buildings where conditions permit. We should step up work to improve drainage pipeline networks and underground utility tunnels and to build sponge cities.

Satisfying the needs of the people is what new urbanization is all about. We need to provide services that are attentive to detail and exercise management that puts people first. Our goal is to see that every person has equal opportunity for development and to make everyday life more convenient and comfortable.

（七）積極擴大消費和促進有效投資。順應居民需求新變化擴大消費，著眼調結構增加投資，形成供給結構優化和總需求適度擴大的良性循環。

7. Actively increasing consumption and promoting effective investment

We need to boost consumption in response to the new changes in consumer demand, focus on making structural adjustments in increasing investment, and create a positive cycle of supply structure upgrading and appropriate expansion of aggregate demand.

增強消費對經濟發展的基礎性作用。推進消費升級，發展消費新業態新模式。將新能源汽車車輛購置稅優惠政策再延長三年，全面取消二手車限遷政策。支持社會力量增加醫療、養老、教育、文化、體育等服務供給。創建全域旅游示范區，降低重點國有景區門票價格。推動網購、快遞健康發展。對各類侵害消費者權益的行為，要依法懲處、決不姑息。

We should strengthen the fundamental role of consumption in driving economic growth.

We should promote consumption upgrading and develop new forms and models of consumption. We should extend preferential policies on purchase tax on new-energy vehicles by another three years, and rescind all local policies that restrict sales of non-local second-hand vehicles. We should support private actors in providing more services in healthcare, elderly care, education, culture, and sports.

We should create integrated tourism demonstration zones, and lower ticket prices at key state tourist sites. We should promote the healthy development of online shopping and express delivery services. All types of behavior that infringe on consumers' rights and interests need to be punished in accordance with law without leniency.

發揮投資對優化供給結構的關鍵性作用。今年要完成鐵路投資7320億元、公路水運投資1.8萬億元左右，水利在建投資規模達到1萬億元。重大基礎設施建設繼續向中西部地區傾斜。實施新一輪重大技術改造升級工程。中央預算內投資安排5376億元，比去年增加300億元。落實鼓勵民間投資政策措施，在鐵路、民航、油氣、電信等領域推出一批有吸引力的項目，務必使民間資本進得來、能發展。

We should enable investment to play the pivotal role in improving the supply structure.

This year we need to see 732 billion yuan invested in railway construction and around 1.8 trillion yuan invested in highway and waterway projects; the scale of investment in ongoing water conservancy projects should reach 1 trillion yuan.

The central and western regions should continue to be the priority for major infrastructure construction. We should carry out a new round of major technology transformation and upgrading projects.

Roughly 537.6 billion yuan of investment should be included in the central government budget, an increase of 30 billion yuan over last year. We should implement policies and measures designed to encourage private investment, introduce a number of attractive projects in sectors like rail, civil aviation, oil and natural gas, and telecommunications, and make sure that private investment can gain entry and is able to develop.

（八）推動形成全面開放新格局。進一步拓展開放范圍和層次，完善開放結構布局和體制機制，以高水平開放推動高質量發展。

8. Creating a new landscape in comprehensive opening up

China should further expand the scope and raise the quality of its opening up; the structure, layout, institutions, and mechanisms for opening up should be improved, and we should use high-standard opening up to generate high-quality development.

推進“一帶一路”國際合作。堅持共商共建共享，落實“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇成果。推動國際大通道建設，深化沿線大通關合作。擴大國際產能合作，帶動中國制造和中國服務走出去。優化對外投資結構。加大西部、內陸和沿邊開放力度，提高邊境跨境經濟合作區發展水平，拓展開放合作新空間。

We should advance international cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative.

We are committed to achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration, and must act on the outcomes of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. We should work toward building major international corridors and deepen cooperation on streamlining customs clearance along the routes of the Belt and Road Initiative. We should expand industrial capacity cooperation with other countries, and with this enable Chinese manufacturing and Chinese services to go global. We should improve the composition of outbound investment. We should expand opening up in the western region, inland areas, and border areas and enhance development in border and cross-border economic cooperation areas, creating new opportunities for China's opening up and cooperation with other countries.

促進外商投資穩定增長。加強與國際通行經貿規則對接，建設國際一流營商環境。全面放開一般制造業，擴大電信、醫療、教育、養老、新能源汽車等領域開放。有序開放銀行卡清算等市場，放開外資保險經紀公司經營范圍限制，放寬或取消銀行、證券、基金管理、期貨、金融資產管理公司等外資股比限制，統一中外資銀行市場準入標準。實施境外投資者境內利潤再投資遞延納稅。簡化外資企業設立程序，商務備案與工商登記“一口辦理”。全面復制推廣自貿試驗區經驗，探索建設自由貿易港，打造改革開放新高地。

We should promote a steady growth in foreign investment.

We should strengthen alignment with international business rules, and foster a world-class business environment. The general manufacturing sector should be completely opened up, and access to sectors like telecommunications, medical services, education, elderly care, and new-energy vehicles should be expanded. We should phase in an opening up of bank card clearing and other markets; lift restrictions on the scope of operations of foreign-invested insurance agent companies, and ease or lift restrictions on the share of foreign-owned equity in companies in sectors including banking, securities, fund management, futures, and financial asset management. We should make market entry standards the same for both Chinese and foreign banks.

Overseas investors should be granted tax deferral for the reinvestment of profit made in China. Procedures for setting up foreign-invested enterprises should be simplified, and business filing and business registration should be processed together in one go. We should apply practices developed in pilot free trade zones across the country, and explore opening free trade ports, working toward new heights in reform and opening up.

鞏固外貿穩中向好勢頭。擴大出口信用保險覆蓋面，整體通關時間再壓縮三分之一。改革服務貿易發展機制。培育貿易新業態新模式。推動加工貿易向中西部梯度轉移。積極擴大進口，辦好首屆中國國際進口博覽會，下調汽車、部分日用消費品等進口關稅。我們要以更大力度的市場開放，促進產業升級和貿易平衡發展，為消費者提供更多選擇。

We should consolidate the healthy trend toward stable growth in foreign trade.

We should expand the coverage of export credit insurance, and shave another third off the total time taken for customs clearance. We should reform the mechanism for developing trade in services. We should foster new forms and models of trade. We should encourage processing trade to shift to the central and western regions.

We should actively expand imports, will host the first China International Import Expo, and should lower import tariffs on automobiles, some everyday consumer goods, and so on. We should open our market wider to promote industry upgrading and more balanced development of trade, and to provide Chinese consumers with a broader range of choices.

促進貿易和投資自由化便利化。中國堅定不移推進經濟全球化，維護自由貿易，愿同有關方推動多邊貿易談判進程，早日結束區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定談判，加快亞太自貿區和東亞經濟共同體建設。中國主張通過平等協商解決貿易爭端，反對貿易保護主義，堅決捍衛自身合法權益。

We should promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.

As China is committed to promoting economic globalization and protecting free trade, and is ready to work with all relevant parties to advance multilateral trade negotiations, we should work for the early conclusion of negotiations on the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, and should speed up efforts to build the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific and the East Asia Economic Community. China must stand for the settlement of trade disputes through discussion as equals, must oppose trade protectionism, and must resolutely safeguard its lawful rights.

（九）提高保障和改善民生水平。要在發展基礎上多辦利民實事、多解民生難事，兜牢民生底線，不斷提升人民群眾的獲得感、幸福感、安全感。

9. Doing more to ensure and improve people's wellbeing

We should, in line with economic growth, do more to directly benefit the people, address the difficulties that affect their lives, and ensure that their basic living needs are met. Our aim is to help people feel more satisfied, happier, and more secure.

著力促進就業創業。加強全方位公共就業服務，大規模開展職業技能培訓，運用“互聯網+”發展新就業形態。今年高校畢業生820多萬人，再創歷史新高，要促進多渠道就業，支持以創業帶動就業。扎實做好退役軍人安置、管理和保障工作。加大對殘疾人等就業困難人員援助力度。擴大農民工就業，全面治理拖欠工資問題。要健全勞動關系協商機制，消除性別和身份歧視，使更加公平、更加充分的就業成為我國發展的突出亮點。

We should focus on boosting employment and business startups.

We should strengthen the full set of public employment services, launch a large-scale vocational skills training initiative, and use the Internet Plus model to create new kinds of jobs. With over 8.2 million college students graduating this year, again reaching an all-time high, we need to expand the channels for employment and support job creation through business startups.

Solid work needs to be done on job resettlement, management, and security provision for demobilized military personnel. We should give stronger support to people with disabilities and other groups having difficulty securing employment. We should create more jobs for rural migrant workers, and take comprehensive measures to address the problem of wage arrears. We should improve labor relations consultation mechanisms, put an end to gender and identity discrimination, and work to make fairer and fuller employment an outstanding highlight of our country's development.

穩步提高居民收入水平。繼續提高退休人員基本養老金和城鄉居民基礎養老金。合理調整社會最低工資標準。完善機關事業單位工資和津補貼制度，向艱苦地區、特殊崗位傾斜。提高個人所得稅起征點，增加子女教育、大病醫療等專項費用扣除，合理減負，鼓勵人民群眾通過勞動增加收入、邁向富裕。

We should steadily increase people's incomes.

We should continue raising basic pension payments for retirees and basic pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents. Minimum wages should be appropriately adjusted. We should improve the wage and subsidy system for the employees of government offices and public institutions, and weight the system toward regions where conditions are harsh and toward special posts. We should raise the personal income tax threshold and create expense deductions for items like children's education and treatment for serious diseases, appropriately lightening burdens, and encouraging our people to increase their incomes and achieve prosperity through hard work.

發展公平而有質量的教育。推動城鄉義務教育一體化發展，教育投入繼續向困難地區和薄弱環節傾斜。切實降低農村學生輟學率，抓緊消除城鎮“大班額”，著力解決中小學生課外負擔重問題。兒童是民族的未來、家庭的希望。要多渠道增加學前教育資源供給，重視對幼兒教師的關心和培養，運用互聯網等信息化手段對兒童托育中育兒過程加強監管，一定要讓家長放心安心。大力發展職業教育，支持和規范社會力量舉辦職業教育。推進普及高中階段教育。以經濟社會發展需要為導向，優化高等教育結構，加快“雙一流”建設，支持中西部建設有特色、高水平大學。繼續實施農村和貧困地區專項招生計劃。發展民族教育、特殊教育、繼續教育和網絡教育。加強師資隊伍和師德師風建設。要加快推進教育現代化，辦好人民滿意的教育，讓每個人都有平等機會通過教育改變自身命運、成就人生夢想。

We should develop fair, high-quality education.

We should promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, and continue to weight funding for education toward poor areas and weak links. We need to significantly reduce the rural drop-out rate, move faster to put an end to big class sizes in urban schools, and give attention to addressing the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens on primary and secondary school students.

Children are the hope of their families and the future of our nation. We need to increase the supply of preschool educational resources through multiple channels, give serious attention to preschool teachers and their training, and use the internet and other IT-based approaches to strengthen oversight over the childcare process at preschools, making certain that parents can have peace of mind.

We should work hard to develop vocational education and support and regulate the provision of vocational education by private actors. We should continue working to make senior secondary education universally available. With the needs of economic and social development as our compass, we need to improve the structure of higher education, act faster to develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines, and support the central and western regions in building universities with character and of high quality.

We should continue the higher education admissions scheme with preferential provisions for students from rural and poor areas. We should develop ethnic minority education, special needs education, continuing education, and online education. We should improve the competence of our educators and strengthen teacher ethics. We need to work faster to modernize education, provide education that our people are satisfied with, and ensure that everyone has an equal opportunity to change their life and realize their dreams through education.

實施健康中國戰略。提高基本醫保和大病保險保障水平，居民基本醫保人均財政補助標準再增加40元，一半用于大病保險。擴大跨省異地就醫直接結算范圍，把基層醫院和外出農民工、外來就業創業人員等全部納入。加大醫護人員培養力度，加強全科醫生、兒科醫生隊伍建設，推進分級診療和家庭醫生簽約服務。繼續提高基本公共衛生服務經費人均財政補助標準。堅持預防為主，加強重大疾病防控。改善婦幼保健服務。支持中醫藥事業傳承創新發展。鼓勵中西醫結合。創新食品藥品監管方式，注重用互聯網、大數據等提升監管效能，加快實現全程留痕、信息可追溯，讓問題產品無處藏身、不法制售者難逃法網，讓消費者買得放心、吃得安全。做好北京冬奧會、冬殘奧會籌辦工作，多渠道增加全民健身場所和設施。人民群眾身心健康、向善向上，國家必將生機勃勃、走向繁榮富強。

We should implement the Healthy China strategy.

We should raise basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance benefits. Per capita government subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and non-working urban residents should be increased by 40 yuan, half of which should be used for the serious disease insurance scheme. We should expand the coverage of interprovincial on-the-spot settlement of medical bills through basic insurance accounts and make this applicable to community-level hospitals, and to rural migrant workers and other workers and business owners without local household registration.

We should strengthen efforts to train medical workers, build up the ranks of general practitioners and pediatricians, and make progress in developing tiered diagnosis and treatment and contracted family doctor services. We should continue to increase per capita government subsidies for basic public health services. We should step up prevention and control of serious diseases, treating prevention as particularly important. Maternal and child healthcare should be improved. We should preserve traditional Chinese medicine and support its development through innovation. We should encourage the combination of Chinese and Western medicine.

We should develop new ways of conducting food and drug oversight, and use the internet and big data to increase oversight effectiveness. We need to move faster to see that the entire process can be tracked and all information is traceable. We need to see that there is nowhere to hide for substandard products, that there is no escaping justice for those involved in their production and sale, and that consumers can consume confidently and eat safely.

We need to make good preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics. Multiple channels should be used to increase sports venues and facilities available for the general public. If our people are fit and healthy, are strengthening social morality, and are striving to succeed, our country is certain to thrive and progress toward prosperity.

更好解決群眾住房問題。啟動新的三年棚改攻堅計劃，今年開工580萬套。加大公租房保障力度，對低收入住房困難家庭要應保盡保，將符合條件的新就業無房職工、外來務工人員納入保障范圍。堅持房子是用來住的、不是用來炒的定位，落實地方主體責任，繼續實行差別化調控，建立健全長效機制，促進房地產市場平穩健康發展。支持居民自住購房需求，培育住房租賃市場，發展共有產權住房。加快建立多主體供給、多渠道保障、租購并舉的住房制度，讓廣大人民群眾早日實現安居宜居。

We should better address people's housing needs.

A new three-year renovation plan should be launched to address housing in rundown urban areas, starting with construction this year on 5.8 million units. We should step up efforts to supply public-rental housing so that all eligible low-income families struggling with housing, including eligible non-homeowning first-time workers and migrant workers, are able to access public-rental housing under this scheme.

We must be clear that houses are for living in, not for speculation. We should expect local governments to fulfill their primary responsibility in this respect, and need to continue exercising differentiated regulation and put in place robust permanent mechanisms to promote the steady and healthy development of real estate markets. We should support people in buying homes for personal use, and develop the housing rental market and shared ownership housing.

We need to speed up the establishment of a housing system with multiple types of suppliers, multiple channels for housing support, and encouragement for both renting and buying, so that more people can soon have a place to call home.

強化民生兜底保障。穩步提高城鄉低保、社會救助、撫恤優待等標準。積極應對人口老齡化，發展居家、社區和互助式養老，推進醫養結合，提高養老院服務質量。關心幫助農村留守兒童。加強城鄉困境兒童保障。做好傷殘軍人和軍烈屬優撫工作。加強殘疾人康復服務。健全社會救助體系，支持公益慈善事業發展。傾情傾力做好托底工作，不因事難而推諉，不因善小而不為，要讓每一個身處困境者都能得到社會的關愛和溫暖。

We should strengthen efforts to meet people's basic living needs.

We should steadily raise urban and rural subsistence allowances, social assistance benefits, and benefits for entitled groups. We need to take proactive measures to tackle population aging, including developing at-home, community-based, and mutual-aid elderly care, promoting integrated medical and elderly care services, and improving the quality of services at senior care facilities.

We should give assistance and support to children who remain in rural areas while their parents move to work in the cities. We should provide better security to both urban and rural children in difficult situations. Disabled veterans and the families of military personnel and martyrs need to be well taken care of. Rehabilitation services for people with disabilities should be improved. We should improve social assistance systems, and support the development of public interest activities and charity.

We need to bring empathy and energy to our work to meet basic needs; there should be no reluctance to act because something is not easy, and no failure to act because the benefit seems small; we must ensure that care and compassion reach everyone in need.

打造共建共治共享社會治理格局。完善基層群眾自治制度，加強社區治理。發揮好工會、共青團、婦聯等群團組織作用。促進社會組織、專業社會工作、志愿服務健康發展。加強社會信用體系建設。完善公共法律服務體系，落實普法責任制。營造尊重婦女、關愛兒童、尊敬老人、愛護殘疾人的良好風尚。完善社會矛盾糾紛多元化解機制。創新信訪工作方式，依法及時解決群眾合理訴求。嚴格落實安全生產責任，堅決遏制重特大事故。做好地震、氣象、地質等工作，提高防災減災救災能力。推進平安中國建設，嚴密防范和堅決打擊暴力恐怖活動，依法開展掃黑除惡專項斗爭，懲治盜搶騙黃賭毒等違法犯罪活動，整治電信網絡詐騙、侵犯公民個人信息、網絡傳銷等突出問題，維護國家安全和公共安全。

We should develop a new model of social governance based on collaboration, co-governance, and common gains.

We should improve the system of primary level self-governance and strengthen community governance. We should see that trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women's federations and other people's organizations are all playing their due roles. We should promote the healthy development of social organizations, specialized social work, and volunteer services.

We need to strengthen work on building the social credit system. We should improve the public legal service system, and enforce a system of responsibility for popularizing legal knowledge.

We need to foster a positive culture in which women are respected, children are cared for, the elderly are treated with respect, and people with disabilities are treated considerately. We should improve mechanisms for settling social tensions and disputes through multiple means. We need to develop new approaches to handling public complaints, and see that the justified demands of our people are addressed promptly in accordance with law.

We need to see that workplace safety responsibilities are strictly executed to prevent the occurrence of serious and major accidents. We should carry out solid work in seismology, meteorology, and geology, and improve disaster prevention, mitigation, and rescue capacity.

We need to continue the Peaceful China initiative, take strict preventive measures against violent and terrorist activities and see them firmly stamped out, and launch a campaign to crack down on organized crime and local mafia in accordance with law. We need to punish theft, robbery, fraud, pornography, gambling, drug-related crime, and other illegal and criminal behavior, address salient problems such as telecommunications and internet fraud, the abuse of personal information, and internet-based pyramid schemes, and safeguard national and public security.

為人民過上美好生活提供豐富精神食糧。要弘揚中華優秀傳統文化，繼承革命文化，發展社會主義先進文化，培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀。加強思想道德建設和群眾性精神文明創建。加快構建中國特色哲學社會科學，繁榮文藝創作，發展新聞出版、廣播影視、檔案等事業。加強文物保護利用和文化遺產保護傳承。建好新型智庫。加強互聯網內容建設。深入實施文化惠民工程，培育新型文化業態，加快文化產業發展。倡導全民閱讀，建設學習型社會。深化中外人文交流，增強中華文化影響力。我們要以中國特色社會主義文化的繁榮興盛，凝聚起實現民族復興的磅礴精神力量。

We must provide rich cultural nourishment to help our people to live better lives.

We should see that our fine traditional Chinese culture is alive and thriving, see our revolutionary culture is inherited and carried on, develop advanced socialist culture, and foster and practice core socialist values. We should strengthen efforts toward building intellectual and moral standards and hold more activities designed for the public to promote cultural and ethical advancement.

We should speed up the development of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, see that art and literature flourish, and develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, and archiving. We need to ensure China's cultural relics are more effectively protected and put to better use, and cultural heritage is better preserved and passed on. We need to see that China's new-type think-tanks are well run. The provision of content on the internet should be improved.

We should launch more cultural projects to benefit the people, work to foster new forms of cultural businesses, and accelerate the development of the cultural industry. We should foster a love of reading in all our people and build a learning society. China's cultural and people-to-people exchanges with other countries should be enhanced, and Chinese culture should have greater appeal. We need to see that a rich and thriving socialist culture with distinctive Chinese features acts as a powerful source of inspiration for the whole Chinese nation to achieve rejuvenation.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

進入新時代，政府工作在新的一年要有新氣象新作為。要牢固樹立“四個意識”，堅定“四個自信”，堅決維護習近平總書記核心地位，堅決維護黨中央權威和集中統一領導，落實全面從嚴治黨要求，加強政府自身建設，深入推進政府職能轉變，全面提升履職水平，為人民提供優質高效服務。

Entering a new era, the government's work in the new year must bring new steps and make new advances. We must become deeply conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. We must strengthen confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must resolutely uphold the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping, resolutely uphold the authority of the Party Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership, and act on the requirement for full and rigorous Party self-governance. We need to improve our government, intensify efforts to transform government functions, raise our ability in every respect to execute our duties, and deliver to the people high-quality and efficient services.

全面推進依憲施政、依法行政。嚴格遵守憲法法律，加快建設法治政府，把政府活動全面納入法治軌道。堅持嚴格規范公正文明執法，有權不可任性，用權必受監督。各級政府要依法接受同級人大及其常委會的監督，自覺接受人民政協的民主監督，主動接受社會和輿論監督，認真聽取人大代表、政協委員意見，聽取民主黨派、工商聯、無黨派人士和各人民團體意見。政府要信守承諾，決不能“新官不理舊賬”。全面推進政務公開。推行政府法律顧問制度。堅持科學、民主、依法決策，凡涉及公眾利益的重大事項，都要深入聽取各方意見包括批評意見。人民政府的所有工作都要體現人民意愿，干得好不好要看實際效果、最終由人民來評判。

All governance must be exercised in accordance with the Constitution and the law.

We must strictly observe the Constitution and the law, and speed up work on building a government based on the rule of law, seeing that all government activities are consistent with the rule of law. We must work to ensure that the law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and civil manner. Power cannot be used as one pleases; the exercise of power must be supervised.

We, at every level of government, must subject ourselves, as required by law, to the oversight of the people's congresses at that level and their standing committees; we must readily accept the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees, and we must actively accept public oversight and oversight through public opinion. We should earnestly solicit opinions from deputies to people's congresses and CPPCC committee members, and listen to the views of other political parties, federations of industry and commerce, public figures without party affiliation, and people's organizations.

We in government must honor our commitments; new officials must not be allowed to disavow obligations undertaken by their predecessors. We should make government affairs more transparent across the board. We should promote the legal consultation system for government. Decisions need to be made in a sound and democratic way on the basis of law, and before making decisions on any major issue related to public interests, we should solicit input, including criticism, from all parties.

Ours is a government of the people, and everything we do should reflect their will. Whether we've done a good job only the outcomes can tell and ultimately it is for the people to judge.

全面加強黨風廉政建設。推進“兩學一做”學習教育常態化制度化，認真開展“不忘初心、牢記使命”主題教育。堅決貫徹落實黨中央八項規定及實施細則精神，馳而不息整治“四風”，特別是力戒形式主義、官僚主義。加強審計監督。鞏固發展反腐敗斗爭壓倒性態勢，把權力關進制度的籠子，堅決懲治各類腐敗行為。政府工作人員要廉潔修身，勤勉盡責，自覺接受法律監督、監察監督和人民的監督，干干凈凈為人民做事，決不辜負人民公仆的稱號。

All initiatives to improve Party conduct and ensure clean government should be strengthened.

All Party members should gain a good command of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses, and meet Party standards; we should work to see this become a regular and institutionalized practice. And we need to keep reminding ourselves of our commitment to our original aspiration and have our mission always in mind.

We must resolutely put into action the central Party leadership's eight-point decision on improving conduct and staying engaged with the people along with its detailed rules for implementation. We should work ceaselessly to address the practice of formalities for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, with particular focus on seeing the first two stamped out.

We should strengthen auditing-based oversight. We need to consolidate and build on the overwhelming momentum of the anti-corruption campaign, locking power in an institutional cage, and cracking down on all manifestations of corruption.

All government employees must cultivate personal integrity, have a strong work ethic and sense of responsibility, and readily accept the oversight of the law, supervisory bodies, and the people; we must keep our hands clean and work hard for the people, and never fail to live up to the name of people's public servants.

全面提高政府效能。優化政府機構設置和職能配置，深化機構改革，形成職責明確、依法行政的政府治理體系，增強政府公信力和執行力。中國改革發展的一切成就，都是干出來的。對各級政府及其工作人員來說，為人民干事是天職、不干是失職。要完善激勵約束、容錯糾錯機制，旗幟鮮明給積極干事者撐腰鼓勁，對庸政懶政者嚴肅問責。決不能表態多調門高、行動少落實差，決不允許占著位子不干事。廣大干部要提高政治素質和工作本領，求真務實，干字當頭，干出實打實的新業績，干出群眾的好口碑，干出千帆競發、百舸爭流的生動局面。

All aspects of government performance should be improved.

We need to improve the composition and responsibilities of the institutions of government, deepen institutional reform, form a system of governance by government with clearly defined duties and obligations and administration in line with law, and strengthen government credibility and executive capacity.

Every last achievement in China's reform and development has been made by doing. To us—all levels of government and all government employees—getting things done for the people is our unquestionable duty; not doing is a dereliction of that duty.

We need to improve incentive and constraint mechanisms and mechanisms to allow for and address errors, give unequivocal backing to the driven and the doers, and hold strictly to account the incompetent and the idle. Talking big and setting ambitious goals but taking little action to achieve them should not be tolerated; nor should sitting around in a government post and getting nothing done.

We in government need to improve our political integrity and professional competence, be realistic and pragmatic, and make doing our top priority. Only by doing can we make solid new achievements, earn public endorsement, and contribute to a dynamic atmosphere in which everyone is motivated and driven to get things done.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

中華民族是一個和睦相處、團結溫暖的大家庭。我們要堅持和完善民族區域自治制度，全面貫徹黨的民族政策。繼續加強對民族地區、人口較少民族發展的支持。組織好廣西壯族自治區、寧夏回族自治區成立60周年慶祝活動。加強各民族交往交流交融，讓中華民族共同體的根基更加堅實、紐帶更加牢固。

The Chinese nation is a big family in which we live together in peace, unity, and amity. We need to uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy and fully implement the Party's policies on ethnic groups. We should continue to strengthen support for development in areas of mainly ethnic minorities and for the development of ethnic groups with smaller populations.

It should be seen to that celebrations to mark the 60th anniversaries of the founding of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region are a great success. We should encourage more exchanges and interactions among our ethnic groups to strengthen the foundations and bonds of the Chinese national community.

我們要全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，堅持我國宗教的中國化方向，促進宗教關系健康和諧，發揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經濟社會發展中的積極作用。

We must fully implement the Party's basic policy on religious affairs, uphold the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation, promote harmony between religions, and encourage religious leaders and believers to actively involve themselves in promoting economic and social development.

我們要認真落實僑務政策，維護海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷合法權益，為他們在國家現代化建設中發揮獨特優勢和重要作用創造更好條件，激勵海內外中華兒女同心奮斗、共創輝煌。

We need to fully implement policies related to overseas Chinese nationals, protect the legal rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, Chinese nationals who have returned from overseas, and relatives of overseas Chinese nationals residing in China. We should create better conditions for them to use their unique strengths and play their important roles in our country's modernization. We encourage all Chinese, both at home and overseas, to work together with one heart and achieve together great things.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

面對國家安全環境的深刻變化，我們要以黨在新時代的強軍目標為引領，牢固確立習近平強軍思想在國防和軍隊建設中的指導地位，堅定不移走中國特色強軍之路，全面推進練兵備戰工作，堅決有力維護國家主權、安全、發展利益。堅持黨對軍隊絕對領導的根本原則和制度，全面深入貫徹軍委主席負責制。繼續推進國防和軍隊改革，建設強大穩固的現代邊海空防。完善國防動員體系，加強全民國防教育。維護軍人軍屬合法權益，讓軍人成為全社會尊崇的職業。深入實施軍民融合發展戰略，深化國防科技工業改革。各級政府要采取更有力的舉措，支持國防和軍隊建設改革，深入開展擁軍優屬、擁政愛民活動，使軍政軍民團結始終堅如磐石、始終根深葉茂。

Faced with profound changes in the national security environment, we must treat the Party's goal of building stronger armed forces for the new era as our guide, and firmly uphold the guiding position of Xi Jinping's thinking on strengthening the armed forces as we develop national defense and the armed forces. We must stick to the Chinese path in strengthening our armed forces, advance all aspects of military training and war preparedness, and firmly and resolvedly safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests.

The fundamental principle and system of absolute leadership by the Party over the armed forces must be observed, and the system of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission assuming full responsibility for military affairs should be fully enforced.

We need to continue to reform national defense and the armed forces, and build strong and solid modernized border, coastal, and air defense. We should improve our national defense mobilization system and strengthen public awareness about national defense. We should protect the legal rights and interests of service personnel and their families, and make military service an occupation that enjoys public respect. We should further implement the strategy for military-civilian integration and deepen reform of defense-related science, technology, and industry.

We, at every level of government, must take more effective measures to support the development and reform of our national defense and armed forces and carry out extensive activities to encourage government and public support for the military and preferential treatment for families of service personnel and martyrs and to encourage the military to support the government and love the people, so that the unity between the military and government and between the military and the people is always strong as stone, and deeply rooted as an evergreen.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

我們要繼續全面準確貫徹“一國兩制”方針，嚴格依照憲法和基本法辦事。全力支持香港、澳門特別行政區政府和行政長官依法施政，大力發展經濟、持續改善民生、有序推進民主、促進社會和諧。支持香港、澳門融入國家發展大局，深化內地與港澳地區交流合作。我們堅信，香港、澳門一定能與祖國內地同發展、共繁榮。

We must continue to implement, both to the letter and in spirit, the principle of "one country, two systems," and act in strict compliance with China's Constitution and the basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions. The governments and chief executives of the two regions have our full support in exercising law-based governance and in their efforts to achieve strong economic growth, improve living standards, progressively advance democracy, and promote social harmony.

We should support Hong Kong and Macao in integrating their own development into overall national development, and should boost exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions. We have every confidence that Hong Kong and Macao will develop and thrive together with the mainland.

我們要繼續貫徹對臺工作大政方針，堅持一個中國原則，在“九二共識”基礎上推動兩岸關系和平發展，推進祖國和平統一進程。堅決維護國家主權和領土完整，絕不容忍任何“臺獨”分裂圖謀和行徑。擴大兩岸經濟文化交流合作，逐步為臺灣同胞在大陸學習、創業、就業、生活提供與大陸同胞同等待遇。兩岸同根，骨肉相親。兩岸同胞順應歷史大勢、共擔民族大義，必將共創中華民族偉大復興的美好未來！

We must continue to implement the principles and policies on our work related to Taiwan, uphold the one-China principle, promote the peaceful growth of cross-Strait relations on the basis of the 1992 Consensus, and advance China's peaceful reunification. We must remain firm in safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and must never tolerate any separatist schemes or activities for "Taiwan independence."

We should expand cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and ensure that over time, people from Taiwan come to enjoy the same treatment as mainlanders when they pursue study, do business, work or live on the mainland.

As fellow Chinese living on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, we share a bond of kinship. As long as we go with the tide of history and work together for our nation's greater good, we will together create the future—a beautiful future of national rejuvenation.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

中國與世界各國發展緊密相連、命運休戚與共。我們將始終不渝走和平發展道路，推動構建新型國際關系。積極參與改革完善全球治理，致力于建設開放型世界經濟。推進大國協調合作，深化同周邊國家睦鄰友好和共同發展，加強同發展中國家團結合作。辦好博鰲亞洲論壇年會、上海合作組織峰會、中非合作論壇峰會等主場外交。繼續為解決國際和地區熱點問題發揮負責任大國作用。加強和完善海外利益安全保障體系。中國愿與各國一道，為推動構建人類命運共同體不懈努力！

China's development is closely connected with that of all other countries; we share a common future and a common stake in that future. China's commitment to peaceful development should not change and we should work to build a new type of international relations. We should get actively involved in reforming and improving global governance and should strive to make the global economy more open.

We should promote coordination and cooperation among major countries, deepen friendships and achieve common development with our neighbors, and enhance unity and cooperation with other developing countries.

We should ensure the success of the annual conference of the Boao Forum for Asia, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit, the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, and other diplomatic events that will be hosted here in China.

China should continue to play its part as a responsible major country in resolving international and regional hotspot issues. We should strengthen and improve institutions for safeguarding Chinese interests and security overseas. China stands ready to work with all other countries to build a community with a shared future for humanity.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

團結凝聚力量，實干創造未來。我們要更加緊密地團結在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，銳意進取，扎實工作，促進經濟社會持續健康發展，為決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利，為把我國建設成為富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國、實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢作出新的貢獻！

Unity gives us strength; good solid work will shape our future. We must rally even closer around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

We must be enterprising, work hard, and promote sustained, healthy economic and social development. We are working to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, to ensure the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful, and to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation. Let us make new contributions to make these goals a reality. 

（來源：新華網）

(Source: People's Daily Online)