A Holistic Approach to the Conservation of Mountains, Rivers, Forests, Farmlands, Lakes and Grasslands

Mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life. The lifeline of humans rests with farmlands; that of farmlands with water; that of water with mountains; that of mountains with earth; and that of earth with forests and grasslands. This community of life is the material foundation for the survival and development of humanity.

This vision of Xi Jinping raises public awareness of respecting nature and their affection toward life. It serves as a guide to action on building an eco-civilization in the new era.

This holistic approach follows the innate laws of the ecosystems to achieve systematic protection and restoration, giving consideration to a full range of environmental factors – up and down the mountains, above and under the ground, on the land and in the oceans, in the upper and lower reaches of the river basins, so as to increase the circulation of ecosystems and maintain ecological balance.

China will implement major projects to protect and restore key ecosystems, increase the production capacity of eco-goods, conduct large-scale afforestation campaigns, accelerate comprehensive control of soil erosion, desertification and stony deserts, expand lakes and wetlands, and protect biodiversity. This will help increase the environmental carrying capacity, stabilize all natural ecosystems and make them better able to provide services, and safeguard ecological security.

統籌山水林田湖草系統治理

山水林田湖草是一個生命共同體。人的命脈在田，田的命脈在水，水的命脈在山，山的命脈在土，土的命脈在林和草，這個生命共同體是人類生存發展的物質基礎。習近平關于“山水林田湖草是生命共同體”的重要論述，進一步喚醒了人類尊重自然、關愛生命的意識和情感，為新時代推進生態文明建設提供了行動指南。

統籌山水林田湖草系統治理，就是堅持山水林田湖草是生命共同體，按照生態系統的整體性、系統性及其內在規律，統籌考慮自然生態各要素、山上山下、地上地下、陸地海洋以及流域上下游，進行整體保護、系統修復、綜合治理，增強生態系統循環能力，維護生態平衡。

統籌山水林田湖草系統治理，要深入實施重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程，增強生態產品生產能力，開展大規模國土綠化行動，加快水土流失和荒漠化、石漠化綜合治理，擴大湖泊、濕地面積，保護生物多樣性，著力擴大環境容量生態空間，全面提升自然生態系統穩定性和生態服務功能，筑牢生態安全屏障。